{
  "id": "hanyu-chapter4",
  "book_id": "hanyu-jiaocheng",
  "name": "理想 (Lǐxiǎng) - Ideal",
  "description": "Stories about pursuing dreams, overcoming difficulties, and persevering toward one's ideals. Learn about studying Chinese, making friends, and facing challenges.",
  "difficulty": "intermediate",
  "language": "zh-CN",
  "chapter_number": "4",
  "metadata": {
    "version": "1.0",
    "created": "2025-10-23",
    "updated": "2025-10-23",
    "source": "Hanyu Jiaocheng - Jiaotong University",
    "target_level": "intermediate",
    "estimated_hours": 12,
    "prerequisites": ["hanyu-chapter1", "hanyu-chapter2", "hanyu-chapter3"],
    "learning_objectives": [
      "Master 80+ vocabulary terms related to ideals, dreams, and life choices",
      "Understand patterns: 一点儿+也/都+不, 当然, 不过, 简直",
      "Learn adverbs: 从 (ever), 偷偷儿 (secretly)",
      "Practice 动词+着+动词+着 structure",
      "Develop reading comprehension about personal growth and perseverance"
    ],
    "content_tags": ["ideals", "dreams", "study-abroad", "perseverance", "life-choices"],
    "completion_criteria": {
      "vocabulary_mastery": 85,
      "comprehension_score": 80,
      "exercises_completed": 20
    }
  },
  "vocabulary": {
    "中学": {
      "pronunciation": "zhōngxué",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "middle school and high school",
      "examples": ["中学毕业", "上中学"]
    },
    "毕业": {
      "pronunciation": "bìyè",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to graduate",
      "examples": ["中学毕业那年", "大学毕业"]
    },
    "考": {
      "pronunciation": "kǎo",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to take an exam, to test",
      "examples": ["考什么大学", "考试", "考上大学"]
    },
    "大学": {
      "pronunciation": "dàxué",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "university, college",
      "examples": ["考上大学", "上大学", "北京大学"]
    },
    "清楚": {
      "pronunciation": "qīngchu",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "clear",
      "examples": ["我也不清楚", "说得很清楚"]
    },
    "电影": {
      "pronunciation": "diànyǐng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "movie, film",
      "examples": ["看电影", "一个电影"]
    },
    "介绍": {
      "pronunciation": "jièshào",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to introduce, to present",
      "examples": ["介绍中国文化", "介绍朋友"]
    },
    "文化": {
      "pronunciation": "wénhuà",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "culture",
      "examples": ["中国文化", "文化知识"]
    },
    "有意思": {
      "pronunciation": "yǒu yìsi",
      "type": "adjective phrase",
      "user_language": "interesting",
      "examples": ["很有意思", "多么有意思"]
    },
    "将来": {
      "pronunciation": "jiānglái",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "future",
      "examples": ["将来当翻译", "将来的计划"]
    },
    "翻译": {
      "pronunciation": "fānyì",
      "type": "noun/verb",
      "user_language": "translator; to translate",
      "examples": ["当翻译", "翻译这本书"]
    },
    "想法": {
      "pronunciation": "xiǎngfǎ",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "idea, opinion",
      "examples": ["我的想法", "好想法"]
    },
    "考上": {
      "pronunciation": "kǎo shàng",
      "type": "verb complement",
      "user_language": "to be admitted (to school through examination)",
      "examples": ["考上了大学", "考上北京大学"],
      "notes": "Resultative complement indicating success"
    },
    "暑假": {
      "pronunciation": "shǔjià",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "summer vacation",
      "examples": ["暑假期间", "暑假去旅游"]
    },
    "了解": {
      "pronunciation": "liǎojiě",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to understand, to know about",
      "examples": ["对中国的了解太少", "了解情况"]
    },
    "困难": {
      "pronunciation": "kùnnan",
      "type": "noun/adjective",
      "user_language": "difficulty; difficult",
      "examples": ["遇到困难", "很困难"]
    },
    "好心人": {
      "pronunciation": "hǎoxīnrén",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "kind-hearted person, good samaritan",
      "examples": ["得到好心人的帮助"]
    },
    "帮助": {
      "pronunciation": "bāngzhù",
      "type": "verb/noun",
      "user_language": "to help; help",
      "examples": ["需要帮助", "帮助我", "得到帮助"]
    },
    "火车": {
      "pronunciation": "huǒchē",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "train",
      "examples": ["坐火车", "火车票"]
    },
    "愿意": {
      "pronunciation": "yuànyì",
      "type": "auxiliary verb",
      "user_language": "to be willing, to want to",
      "examples": ["要是你愿意", "我愿意帮你"]
    },
    "互相": {
      "pronunciation": "hùxiāng",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "mutually, each other",
      "examples": ["互相学习", "互相帮助"]
    },
    "导游": {
      "pronunciation": "dǎoyóu",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "tour guide",
      "examples": ["成了我的导游", "当导游"]
    },
    "有名": {
      "pronunciation": "yǒumíng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "famous, well-known",
      "examples": ["有名的地方", "很有名"]
    },
    "肯定": {
      "pronunciation": "kěndìng",
      "type": "adverb/adjective",
      "user_language": "certainly; certain",
      "examples": ["肯定会再来", "我很肯定"]
    },
    "实现": {
      "pronunciation": "shíxiàn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to realize, to achieve",
      "examples": ["实现理想", "实现梦想"]
    },
    "歌": {
      "pronunciation": "gē",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "song",
      "examples": ["一首中文歌", "唱歌"]
    },
    "歌词": {
      "pronunciation": "gēcí",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "lyrics",
      "examples": ["一句歌词", "歌词很美"]
    },
    "经历": {
      "pronunciation": "jīnglì",
      "type": "verb/noun",
      "user_language": "to experience; experience",
      "examples": ["不经历风雨", "人生经历"]
    },
    "尝": {
      "pronunciation": "cháng",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to taste, to experience",
      "examples": ["尝到了酸甜苦辣", "尝尝这个菜"]
    },
    "哭": {
      "pronunciation": "kū",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to cry",
      "examples": ["一个人哭", "哭着哭着就睡着了"]
    },
    "睡着": {
      "pronunciation": "shuìzháo",
      "type": "verb complement",
      "user_language": "to fall asleep",
      "examples": ["哭着哭着就睡着了", "已经睡着了"]
    },
    "家乡": {
      "pronunciation": "jiāxiāng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "hometown, native place",
      "examples": ["梦见了家乡", "我的家乡"]
    },
    "输": {
      "pronunciation": "shū",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to lose (a competition)",
      "examples": ["输了", "不想输"]
    },
    "回国": {
      "pronunciation": "huí guó",
      "type": "verb phrase",
      "user_language": "to return to one's country",
      "examples": ["父母叫我回国", "回国工作"]
    },
    "留学": {
      "pronunciation": "liúxué",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to study abroad",
      "examples": ["来中国留学", "留学生活"]
    },
    "各种各样": {
      "pronunciation": "gèzhǒng gèyàng",
      "type": "adjective phrase",
      "user_language": "all kinds of, various",
      "examples": ["各种各样的困难", "各种各样的人"]
    },
    "坚持": {
      "pronunciation": "jiānchí",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to persist, to persevere",
      "examples": ["坚持下去", "坚持就是胜利"]
    },
    "胜利": {
      "pronunciation": "shènglì",
      "type": "noun/verb",
      "user_language": "victory; to win",
      "examples": ["坚持就是胜利", "取得胜利"]
    },
    "老师": {
      "pronunciation": "lǎoshī",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "teacher",
      "examples": ["老师鼓励我", "当老师"]
    },
    "努力": {
      "pronunciation": "nǔlì",
      "type": "verb/adjective",
      "user_language": "to make an effort; hardworking",
      "examples": ["艰苦的努力", "努力学习"]
    },
    "必须": {
      "pronunciation": "bìxū",
      "type": "auxiliary verb",
      "user_language": "must, have to",
      "examples": ["必须付出努力", "必须坚持"]
    },
    "理想": {
      "pronunciation": "lǐxiǎng",
      "type": "noun/adjective",
      "user_language": "ideal, dream",
      "examples": ["我的理想是当翻译", "理想的工作", "实现理想"]
    },
    "专业": {
      "pronunciation": "zhuānyè",
      "type": "noun/adjective",
      "user_language": "major, specialty; professional",
      "examples": ["学什么专业", "我的专业是中文", "选择专业"]
    },
    "当时": {
      "pronunciation": "dāngshí",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "at that time, then",
      "examples": ["我当时就想", "当时的情况"]
    },
    "赞成": {
      "pronunciation": "zànchéng",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to approve of, to favor, to agree",
      "examples": ["妈妈十分赞成", "我赞成你的意见", "大家都赞成"]
    },
    "系": {
      "pronunciation": "xì",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "department (in a university)",
      "examples": ["中文系", "历史系", "数学系"]
    },
    "著名": {
      "pronunciation": "zhùmíng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "famous, well-known",
      "examples": ["著名的风景区", "著名的大学", "著名的作家"]
    },
    "旅途": {
      "pronunciation": "lǚtú",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "on a journey, during a trip",
      "examples": ["旅途中遇到困难", "旅途很辛苦"]
    },
    "宾馆": {
      "pronunciation": "bīnguǎn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "hotel",
      "examples": ["找宾馆", "住宾馆", "五星级宾馆"]
    },
    "地图": {
      "pronunciation": "dìtú",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "map",
      "examples": ["看地图", "北京地图", "世界地图"]
    },
    "对面": {
      "pronunciation": "duìmiàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "opposite, right in front",
      "examples": ["坐在我对面", "对面的人", "房子对面"]
    },
    "好像": {
      "pronunciation": "hǎoxiàng",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "to look as if, to seem like",
      "examples": ["好像看出了我的心事", "他好像生病了", "好像要下雨"]
    },
    "心事": {
      "pronunciation": "xīnshì",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "something weighing on one's mind, worry",
      "examples": ["看出了我的心事", "他有心事", "心事重重"]
    },
    "交谈": {
      "pronunciation": "jiāotán",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to come in contact and talk, to chat",
      "examples": ["我们开始了交谈", "交谈了很久", "愉快地交谈"]
    },
    "所": {
      "pronunciation": "suǒ",
      "type": "measure word",
      "user_language": "a measure word for houses, schools, hospitals, etc.",
      "examples": ["一所大学", "两所学校", "几所医院"]
    },
    "简直": {
      "pronunciation": "jiǎnzhí",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "simply, at all",
      "examples": ["她简直成了我的导游", "简直不相信", "简直一点儿也听不懂"],
      "notes": "Used for emphasis or exaggeration"
    },
    "分别": {
      "pronunciation": "fēnbié",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to part, to leave, to say goodbye",
      "examples": ["分别的时候", "和朋友分别", "分别很久了"]
    },
    "彩虹": {
      "pronunciation": "cǎihóng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "rainbow",
      "examples": ["怎么见彩虹", "雨后出现了彩虹"]
    },
    "意义": {
      "pronunciation": "yìyì",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "significance, meaning",
      "examples": ["很有意义", "有什么意义", "重要的意义"]
    },
    "风雨": {
      "pronunciation": "fēngyǔ",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "wind and rain; trials and hardships",
      "examples": ["不经历风雨", "经历了很多风雨"],
      "notes": "Figurative meaning: trials of life"
    },
    "成功": {
      "pronunciation": "chénggōng",
      "type": "verb/adjective",
      "user_language": "to succeed; successful",
      "examples": ["随随便便成功", "取得成功", "成功的人"]
    },
    "从": {
      "pronunciation": "cóng",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "ever (used before negative)",
      "examples": ["从没有尝过", "从来不吸烟", "从没来过"],
      "notes": "Equivalent to 从来 in negative usage"
    },
    "酸甜苦辣": {
      "pronunciation": "suān-tián-kǔ-là",
      "type": "idiom",
      "user_language": "sour, sweet, bitter, hot; joys and sorrows of life",
      "examples": ["尝到了酸甜苦辣", "人生的酸甜苦辣"],
      "notes": "Idiomatic expression for life experiences"
    },
    "段": {
      "pronunciation": "duàn",
      "type": "measure word",
      "user_language": "duration (of time); distance; paragraph; part",
      "examples": ["有一段时间", "一段路", "这一段"]
    },
    "梦": {
      "pronunciation": "mèng",
      "type": "noun/verb",
      "user_language": "dream; to dream",
      "examples": ["做了一个梦", "在梦中", "梦见了家乡"]
    },
    "亲人": {
      "pronunciation": "qīnrén",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "relative, one's family member(s)",
      "examples": ["梦见了家乡的亲人", "我的亲人", "思念亲人"]
    },
    "女儿": {
      "pronunciation": "nǚ'ér",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "daughter",
      "examples": ["你们的傻女儿", "我的女儿", "独生女儿"]
    },
    "失败": {
      "pronunciation": "shībài",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to fail",
      "examples": ["失败了", "不怕失败", "失败是成功之母"]
    },
    "失去": {
      "pronunciation": "shīqù",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to lose, not to have any more",
      "examples": ["失去了信心", "失去机会", "失去朋友"]
    },
    "信心": {
      "pronunciation": "xìnxīn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "confidence, faith, belief",
      "examples": ["失去了信心", "充满信心", "有信心"]
    },
    "选择": {
      "pronunciation": "xuǎnzé",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to choose, to select",
      "examples": ["自己选择的道路", "选择专业", "选择朋友"]
    },
    "道路": {
      "pronunciation": "dàolù",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "road, way; path (in life)",
      "examples": ["人生的道路", "选择的道路", "正确的道路"]
    },
    "人生": {
      "pronunciation": "rénshēng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "life (human existence)",
      "examples": ["人生的道路", "人生经历", "人生哲学"]
    },
    "退缩": {
      "pronunciation": "tuìsuō",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to shrink back, to hold back",
      "examples": ["遇到困难就退缩", "不能退缩", "退缩不前"]
    },
    "取得": {
      "pronunciation": "qǔdé",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to get, to gain",
      "examples": ["取得成功", "取得进步", "取得好成绩"]
    },
    "鼓励": {
      "pronunciation": "gǔlì",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to encourage",
      "examples": ["老师鼓励我", "鼓励自己", "互相鼓励"]
    },
    "梦想": {
      "pronunciation": "mèngxiǎng",
      "type": "noun/verb",
      "user_language": "dream; to dream",
      "examples": ["我的梦想", "梦想成真", "梦想当老师"]
    },
    "可笑": {
      "pronunciation": "kěxiào",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "ridiculous, absurd, funny",
      "examples": ["觉得自己很可笑", "可笑的事", "这太可笑了"]
    },
    "坚强": {
      "pronunciation": "jiānqiáng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "strong, firm",
      "examples": ["坚强一些", "坚强的人", "意志坚强"]
    },
    "付出": {
      "pronunciation": "fùchū",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to pay, to give",
      "examples": ["付出艰苦的努力", "付出代价", "付出时间"]
    },
    "艰苦": {
      "pronunciation": "jiānkǔ",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "hard, difficult",
      "examples": ["艰苦的努力", "艰苦的生活", "条件艰苦"]
    },
    "偷偷儿": {
      "pronunciation": "tōutōur",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "secretly, stealthily",
      "examples": ["一个人偷偷地哭", "偷偷儿离开", "偷偷儿放在书包里"]
    }
  },
  "grammar": {
    "yidianr-ye-bu": {
      "title": "一点儿 + 也/都 + 不/没…… - not at all",
      "pattern": "一点儿 + 也/都 + 不/没 + verb/adjective",
      "explanation": "Structure for complete negation. 一点儿 before negative words expresses absolute negation, equivalent to 'not at all' or 'completely not'.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "我对南京一点儿也不了解。",
          "pronunciation": "Wǒ duì Nánjīng yìdiǎnr yě bù liǎojiě.",
          "translation": "I don't know anything about Nanjing at all."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "你说的这件事我一点儿都不知道。",
          "pronunciation": "Nǐ shuō de zhè jiàn shì wǒ yìdiǎnr dōu bù zhīdào.",
          "translation": "I don't know anything at all about what you're talking about."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "我一点儿也听不懂中国人说的话。",
          "pronunciation": "Wǒ yìdiǎnr yě tīng bu dǒng Zhōngguórén shuō de huà.",
          "translation": "I can't understand what Chinese people say at all."
        }
      ]
    },
    "dangran": {
      "title": "当然 - of course, naturally",
      "explanation": "Expresses affirmation and certainty. Means something is obvious or goes without saying. Can be placed before a verb, before a subject, or used independently to answer a question.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "这样当然好，不过，会不会太麻烦你了？",
          "pronunciation": "Zhèyàng dāngrán hǎo, búguò, huì bu huì tài máfan nǐ le?",
          "translation": "That would certainly be good, but wouldn't it be too much trouble for you?"
        },
        {
          "chinese": "能考上理想的大学当然好。",
          "pronunciation": "Néng kǎo shàng lǐxiǎng de dàxué dāngrán hǎo.",
          "translation": "Getting into your ideal university is certainly good."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "A：你也想去桂林旅行吗？ B：当然。",
          "pronunciation": "A: Nǐ yě xiǎng qù Guìlín lǚxíng ma? B: Dāngrán.",
          "translation": "A: Do you also want to travel to Guilin? B: Of course."
        }
      ]
    },
    "buguo": {
      "title": "不过 - but, however",
      "explanation": "Indicates a shift or contrast in meaning, similar to 但是 but with a milder tone. More commonly used in spoken Chinese. Introduces a qualification or slight contrast.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "这样当然好，不过，会不会太麻烦你了？",
          "pronunciation": "Zhèyàng dāngrán hǎo, búguò, huì bu huì tài máfan nǐ le?",
          "translation": "That would certainly be good, but wouldn't it be too much trouble for you?"
        },
        {
          "chinese": "房间不大，不过一个人够住了。",
          "pronunciation": "Fángjiān bú dà, búguò yí ge rén gòu zhù le.",
          "translation": "The room isn't big, but it's enough for one person."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "这一课的生词比较多，不过都不难。",
          "pronunciation": "Zhè yí kè de shēngcí bǐjiào duō, búguò dōu bù nán.",
          "translation": "This lesson has quite a few new words, but they're not difficult."
        }
      ]
    },
    "jianzhi": {
      "title": "简直 - simply, practically",
      "explanation": "Adverb placed before verbs to emphasize that something is completely or almost completely true. Carries an exaggerated or emphatic tone.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "她简直成了我的导游。",
          "pronunciation": "Tā jiǎnzhí chéng le wǒ de dǎoyóu.",
          "translation": "She practically became my tour guide."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "他说的是什么？我简直一点儿也听不懂。",
          "pronunciation": "Tā shuō de shì shénme? Wǒ jiǎnzhí yìdiǎnr yě tīng bu dǒng.",
          "translation": "What is he saying? I simply can't understand anything at all."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "她汉语说得简直跟中国人一样。",
          "pronunciation": "Tā Hànyǔ shuō de jiǎnzhí gēn Zhōngguórén yíyàng.",
          "translation": "She speaks Chinese practically like a native Chinese person."
        }
      ]
    },
    "cong-negative": {
      "title": "从 - ever (from the past until now)",
      "explanation": "The adverb 从 means 从来 and indicates that something has been true from the past until now. Used before negative words to express 'never' or 'have never'.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "以前从没有尝过的酸甜苦辣。",
          "pronunciation": "Yǐqián cóng méiyǒu cháng guò de suān-tián-kǔ-là.",
          "translation": "The joys and sorrows of life that I had never experienced before."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "我从来不吸烟。",
          "pronunciation": "Wǒ cónglái bù xīyān.",
          "translation": "I never smoke."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "我以前从没来过中国。",
          "pronunciation": "Wǒ yǐqián cóng méi lái guò Zhōngguó.",
          "translation": "I had never been to China before."
        }
      ]
    },
    "toutour": {
      "title": "偷偷(儿) - secretly",
      "explanation": "Means to do something secretly or without others knowing. Placed before verbs or adjectives as an adverbial modifier.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "我常常一个人偷偷地哭。",
          "pronunciation": "Wǒ chángcháng yí ge rén tōutōu de kū.",
          "translation": "I often cried secretly by myself."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "他看大家不注意，就偷偷儿离开了。",
          "pronunciation": "Tā kàn dàjiā bù zhùyì, jiù tōutōur líkāi le.",
          "translation": "When he saw that no one was paying attention, he secretly left."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "她偷偷儿把一封信放在了我的书包里。",
          "pronunciation": "Tā tōutōur bǎ yì fēng xìn fàng zài le wǒ de shūbāo lǐ.",
          "translation": "She secretly put a letter in my schoolbag."
        }
      ]
    },
    "verb-zhe-verb-zhe": {
      "title": "动词+着 + 动词+着 - while doing, doing (unexpected result)",
      "explanation": "The structure with duplication of 'verb + 着' indicates that while one action is in progress, another action subsequently occurs, often with an unexpected result.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "有时哭着哭着就睡着了。",
          "pronunciation": "Yǒushí kū zhe kū zhe jiù shuìzháo le.",
          "translation": "Sometimes I would fall asleep while crying."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "她说着说着突然笑了起来。",
          "pronunciation": "Tā shuō zhe shuō zhe túrán xiào le qǐlái.",
          "translation": "While she was talking, she suddenly started laughing."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "上课的时候，常常听着听着就困了。",
          "pronunciation": "Shàngkè de shíhou, chángcháng tīng zhe tīng zhe jiù kùn le.",
          "translation": "During class, I often get sleepy while listening."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "texts": [
    {
      "id": "ideal-main-text",
      "title": "理想 (Ideal)",
      "type": "main",
      "content": "中学毕业那年，要考什么大学，要学什么专业，我自己也不清楚。一次我和朋友看了一个电影，这个电影是介绍中国文化的，很有意思。我当时就想，学习中文，将来当翻译怎么样？妈妈知道了我的想法，十分赞成。就这样，我考上了大学中文系。\n\n大学三年级暑假，我第一次来到中国，在北京语言大学学习了四个星期。学完以后，又到中国一些著名的风景区旅游了一个月。这时才知道，自己对中国的了解太少了。\n\n因为汉语说得不好，旅途中遇到了很多困难。但是，每次遇到困难时，我都会得到好心人的帮助。\n\n一次，我坐火车去南京。我对南京一点儿也不了解，火车到南京的时间又是晚上，怎么去找宾馆，怎么买去上海的火车票，我都不知道。我看着地图，心里真有点儿着急。\n\n坐在我对面的一个姑娘，好像看出了我的心事，就用英语问我是不是留学生，需要不需要她帮助。她的英语说得很好。我就对她说了自己遇到的困难。她说："别担心，我也是在南京下车，下车以后，你就跟我走吧。"\n\n就这样，我们开始了交谈。她是南京一所大学的学生。她说："要是你愿意，我可以带你到南京的一些风景区去看看。"我说："这样当然好，不过，会不会太麻烦你了？"她说："现在正好是假期，我有空儿。我们可以互相学习，我帮你练汉语，你也帮我练练英语。"\n\n就这样，我交了第一个中国朋友。\n\n在南京玩儿了三天。这三天里，她简直成了我的导游，带我去了南京很多有名的地方，又帮我买了去上海的火车票。分别的时候，她说，欢迎你再来。我说，肯定会再来的。我一定要把汉语学好，实现自己当翻译的理想。",
      "wordCount": 452,
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": ""我"为什么要学习中文？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "看了一个介绍中国文化的电影后，想将来当翻译"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"第一次来中国是什么时候？来做什么？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "大学三年级暑假，在北京语言大学学习四个星期，然后旅游一个月"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"在旅途中遇到了什么困难？是谁帮助了"我"？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "去南京时不知道怎么找宾馆和买票。一个坐在对面的女大学生帮助了我"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"的理想是什么？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "学好汉语，实现当翻译的理想"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"在中国旅游时总是很顺利。",
          "type": "true_false",
          "answer": "错"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"在南京交了第一个中国朋友。",
          "type": "true_false",
          "answer": "对"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "rainbow-text",
      "title": "要见彩虹 (To See the Rainbow)",
      "type": "extensive",
      "content": "最近，我学会了一首中文歌，很好听，也很有意义。里边有一句歌词，让我想了很多很多。这句歌词是：不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹？没有人能随随便便成功。\n\n我来中国已经半年了，半年的留学生活让我尝到了以前从没有尝过的酸甜苦辣。有一段时间我常常一个人偷偷地哭，有时哭着哭着就睡着了。在梦中，我梦见了家乡，梦见了家乡的亲人。在梦中我对父母说："你们的傻女儿输了，失败了，对学习、对自己都失去了信心。"\n\n父母打电话叫我回国，但是，我想我不能回国。来中国留学，学习汉语，这是我自己选择的道路。人生的道路上肯定会遇到各种各样的困难，要是一遇到困难就退缩，怎么可能取得成功呢？我决定坚持下去。老师也常鼓励我说：坚持就是胜利。\n\n我的梦想是当一个汉语老师，不学好汉语怎么能当汉语老师呢？\n\n想到这儿，就觉得自己很可笑，都十八岁了，已经不是小孩子了，为什么一遇到困难就哭呢？为什么不能坚强一些呢？\n\n我心中又唱起了这首歌：不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹？没有人能随随便便成功。是啊，要成功，就必须付出艰苦的努力。",
      "wordCount": 358,
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": ""我"学会了一首什么歌？歌词的意思是什么？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "一首中文歌，歌词是：不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹？没有人能随随便便成功。意思是要成功必须经历困难和付出努力"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"为什么常常一个人偷偷地哭？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "因为留学生活很艰苦，尝到了酸甜苦辣，对学习和自己失去了信心"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"为什么要坚持下去？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "因为这是自己选择的道路，梦想是当汉语老师，不能一遇到困难就退缩"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"的父母让"我"回国。",
          "type": "true_false",
          "answer": "对"
        },
        {
          "question": ""我"决定放弃学习汉语。",
          "type": "true_false",
          "answer": "错"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "exercises": [
    {
      "type": "phonetics",
      "title": "辨音辨调 (Distinguish the pronunciations and tones)",
      "description": "Practice distinguishing similar sounds with different tones",
      "questions": [
        {
          "word1": "专业 (zhuānyè) - major",
          "word2": "转业 (zhuǎnyè) - to change profession"
        },
        {
          "word1": "著名 (zhùmíng) - famous",
          "word2": "出名 (chūmíng) - to become famous"
        },
        {
          "word1": "心事 (xīnshì) - worry",
          "word2": "新诗 (xīnshī) - new poetry"
        },
        {
          "word1": "当然 (dāngrán) - of course",
          "word2": "坦然 (tǎnrán) - calm"
        },
        {
          "word1": "简直 (jiǎnzhí) - simply",
          "word2": "兼职 (jiānzhí) - part-time job"
        },
        {
          "word1": "人生 (rénshēng) - life",
          "word2": "人参 (rénshēn) - ginseng"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "fill_in_blanks",
      "title": "选词填空 (Choose the right words to fill in the blanks)",
      "description": "Use the word bank to complete the sentences",
      "wordBank": ["酸甜苦辣", "付出", "赞成", "信心", "简直", "失败", "心事", "偷偷儿", "经历", "意义", "不过", "分别", "著名", "理想", "当然"],
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": "上大学，学汉语，当翻译，一直是我的____。",
          "correctAnswer": "理想"
        },
        {
          "question": "妈妈非常____我来中国留学。",
          "correctAnswer": "赞成"
        },
        {
          "question": "我____不相信他能干出这种事。",
          "correctAnswer": "简直"
        },
        {
          "question": "这半年来，我尝够了人生的____。",
          "correctAnswer": "酸甜苦辣"
        },
        {
          "question": "遇到困难时，不要失去____，要鼓励自己。",
          "correctAnswer": "信心"
        },
        {
          "question": "对我来说，学习汉语的____就是选择了一条人生的道路。",
          "correctAnswer": "意义"
        },
        {
          "question": "人们常说，____是成功之母，所以，要想成功就不要怕失败。",
          "correctAnswer": "失败"
        },
        {
          "question": "不____艰苦的努力，要想取得成功是不可能的。",
          "correctAnswer": "付出"
        },
        {
          "question": "老师在黑板上写字时，他____地走了出去。",
          "correctAnswer": "偷偷儿"
        },
        {
          "question": "这件羽绒服样子不太好看，____穿着挺暖和。",
          "correctAnswer": "不过"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
