diff --git a/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.cpp b/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.cpp
index d209007..7030fec 100644
--- a/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.cpp
+++ b/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.cpp
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "RenderGraph/RenderGraph.h"
 #include "Scene/SceneCollector.h"
 #include "Resources/ResourceCache.h"
+#include "Debug/DebugOverlay.h"
 #include "Passes/ClearPass.h"
 #include "Passes/SpritePass.h"
 #include "Passes/DebugPass.h"
@@ -104,6 +105,14 @@ void BgfxRendererModule::setConfiguration(const IDataNode& config, IIO* io, ITas
     // Setup resource cache
     m_resourceCache = std::make_unique<ResourceCache>();
 
+    // Setup debug overlay
+    m_debugOverlay = std::make_unique<DebugOverlay>();
+    bool debugEnabled = config.getBool("debugOverlay", false);
+    m_debugOverlay->setEnabled(debugEnabled);
+    if (debugEnabled) {
+        m_logger->info("Debug overlay enabled");
+    }
+
     // Load default texture if specified in config
     std::string defaultTexturePath = config.getString("defaultTexture", "");
     if (!defaultTexturePath.empty()) {
@@ -138,10 +147,16 @@ void BgfxRendererModule::process(const IDataNode& input) {
     // 4. Execute render graph
     m_renderGraph->execute(frame, *m_device);
 
-    // 5. Present
+    // 5. Update and render debug overlay
+    if (m_debugOverlay) {
+        m_debugOverlay->update(deltaTime, static_cast<uint32_t>(frame.spriteCount), 1);
+        m_debugOverlay->render(m_width, m_height);
+    }
+
+    // 6. Present
     m_device->frame();
 
-    // 6. Cleanup for next frame
+    // 7. Cleanup for next frame
     m_sceneCollector->clear();
     m_frameCount++;
 }
diff --git a/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.h b/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.h
index 6feb140..9e7a965 100644
--- a/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.h
+++ b/modules/BgfxRenderer/BgfxRendererModule.h
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ class SceneCollector;
 class ResourceCache;
 class ShaderManager;
 class SpritePass;
+class DebugOverlay;
 
 // ============================================================================
 // BgfxRenderer Module - 2D rendering via bgfx
@@ -55,6 +56,7 @@ private:
     std::unique_ptr<RenderGraph> m_renderGraph;
     std::unique_ptr<SceneCollector> m_sceneCollector;
     std::unique_ptr<ResourceCache> m_resourceCache;
+    std::unique_ptr<DebugOverlay> m_debugOverlay;
 
     // Pass references (non-owning, owned by RenderGraph)
     SpritePass* m_spritePass = nullptr;
diff --git a/modules/BgfxRenderer/CMakeLists.txt b/modules/BgfxRenderer/CMakeLists.txt
index 814e797..40161a9 100644
--- a/modules/BgfxRenderer/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/modules/BgfxRenderer/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -58,6 +58,9 @@ add_library(BgfxRenderer SHARED
     # Resources
     Resources/ResourceCache.cpp
     Resources/TextureLoader.cpp
+
+    # Debug
+    Debug/DebugOverlay.cpp
 )
 
 target_include_directories(BgfxRenderer PRIVATE
diff --git a/modules/BgfxRenderer/Debug/DebugOverlay.cpp b/modules/BgfxRenderer/Debug/DebugOverlay.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5069d61
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/BgfxRenderer/Debug/DebugOverlay.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "DebugOverlay.h"
+#include <bgfx/bgfx.h>
+
+namespace grove {
+
+void DebugOverlay::update(float deltaTime, uint32_t spriteCount, uint32_t drawCalls) {
+    m_deltaTime = deltaTime;
+    m_frameTimeMs = deltaTime * 1000.0f;
+    m_fps = deltaTime > 0.0f ? 1.0f / deltaTime : 0.0f;
+    m_spriteCount = spriteCount;
+    m_drawCalls = drawCalls;
+
+    // Smooth FPS over time
+    m_fpsAccum += deltaTime;
+    m_fpsFrameCount++;
+
+    if (m_fpsAccum >= FPS_UPDATE_INTERVAL) {
+        m_smoothedFps = static_cast<float>(m_fpsFrameCount) / m_fpsAccum;
+        m_fpsAccum = 0.0f;
+        m_fpsFrameCount = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+void DebugOverlay::render(uint16_t screenWidth, uint16_t screenHeight) {
+    if (!m_enabled) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // Enable debug text rendering
+    bgfx::setDebug(BGFX_DEBUG_TEXT);
+
+    // Clear debug text buffer
+    bgfx::dbgTextClear();
+
+    // Calculate text columns based on screen width (8 pixels per char typically)
+    // uint16_t cols = screenWidth / 8;
+    (void)screenWidth;
+    (void)screenHeight;
+
+    // Header
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 1, 0x0f, "GroveEngine Debug Overlay");
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 2, 0x07, "========================");
+
+    // FPS and frame time
+    uint8_t fpsColor = 0x0a; // Green
+    if (m_smoothedFps < 30.0f) {
+        fpsColor = 0x0c; // Red
+    } else if (m_smoothedFps < 55.0f) {
+        fpsColor = 0x0e; // Yellow
+    }
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 4, fpsColor, "FPS: %.1f", m_smoothedFps);
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 5, 0x07, "Frame: %.2f ms", m_frameTimeMs);
+
+    // Rendering stats
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 7, 0x07, "Sprites: %u", m_spriteCount);
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 8, 0x07, "Draw calls: %u", m_drawCalls);
+
+    // bgfx stats
+    const bgfx::Stats* stats = bgfx::getStats();
+    if (stats) {
+        bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 10, 0x07, "GPU time: %.2f ms",
+            double(stats->gpuTimeEnd - stats->gpuTimeBegin) * 1000.0 / stats->gpuTimerFreq);
+        bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 11, 0x07, "CPU submit: %.2f ms",
+            double(stats->cpuTimeEnd - stats->cpuTimeBegin) * 1000.0 / stats->cpuTimerFreq);
+        bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 12, 0x07, "Primitives: %u", stats->numPrims[bgfx::Topology::TriList]);
+        bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 13, 0x07, "Textures: %u / %u", stats->numTextures, stats->textureMemoryUsed / 1024);
+    }
+
+    // Instructions
+    bgfx::dbgTextPrintf(1, 15, 0x08, "Press F3 to toggle overlay");
+}
+
+} // namespace grove
diff --git a/modules/BgfxRenderer/Debug/DebugOverlay.h b/modules/BgfxRenderer/Debug/DebugOverlay.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64b317d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/BgfxRenderer/Debug/DebugOverlay.h
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <string>
+
+namespace grove {
+
+/**
+ * @brief Debug overlay for displaying runtime stats
+ *
+ * Uses bgfx debug text to display FPS, frame time, sprite count, etc.
+ * Can be toggled on/off at runtime.
+ */
+class DebugOverlay {
+public:
+    DebugOverlay() = default;
+
+    // Enable/disable overlay
+    void setEnabled(bool enabled) { m_enabled = enabled; }
+    bool isEnabled() const { return m_enabled; }
+    void toggle() { m_enabled = !m_enabled; }
+
+    // Update stats (call each frame)
+    void update(float deltaTime, uint32_t spriteCount, uint32_t drawCalls);
+
+    // Render the overlay (call after bgfx::frame setup, before submit)
+    void render(uint16_t screenWidth, uint16_t screenHeight);
+
+private:
+    bool m_enabled = false;
+
+    // Stats tracking
+    float m_deltaTime = 0.0f;
+    float m_fps = 0.0f;
+    float m_frameTimeMs = 0.0f;
+    uint32_t m_spriteCount = 0;
+    uint32_t m_drawCalls = 0;
+
+    // FPS smoothing
+    float m_fpsAccum = 0.0f;
+    int m_fpsFrameCount = 0;
+    float m_smoothedFps = 0.0f;
+    static constexpr float FPS_UPDATE_INTERVAL = 0.25f; // Update FPS display every 250ms
+};
+
+} // namespace grove
diff --git a/tests/visual/test_23_bgfx_sprites_visual.cpp b/tests/visual/test_23_bgfx_sprites_visual.cpp
index 1846fa7..1afb2c7 100644
--- a/tests/visual/test_23_bgfx_sprites_visual.cpp
+++ b/tests/visual/test_23_bgfx_sprites_visual.cpp
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
     // Load texture from assets folder
     config.setString("defaultTexture", "../../assets/textures/1f440.png");
 
+    // Enable debug overlay
+    config.setBool("debugOverlay", true);
+
     module->setConfiguration(config, rendererIO.get(), nullptr);
 
     std::cout << "Module configured\n";