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499
MCP.md
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# MCP Python SDK
## Overview
The Model Context Protocol allows applications to provide context for LLMs in a standardized way, separating the concerns of providing context from the actual LLM interaction. This Python SDK implements the full MCP specification, making it easy to:
- Build MCP clients that can connect to any MCP server
- Create MCP servers that expose resources, prompts and tools
- Use standard transports like stdio and SSE
- Handle all MCP protocol messages and lifecycle events
## Installation
We recommend using [uv](https://docs.astral.sh/uv/) to manage your Python projects:
```bash
uv add "mcp[cli]"
```
Alternatively:
```bash
pip install mcp
```
## Quickstart
Let's create a simple MCP server that exposes a calculator tool and some data:
```python
# server.py
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
# Create an MCP server
mcp = FastMCP("Demo")
# Add an addition tool
@mcp.tool()
def add(a: int, b: int) -> int:
"""Add two numbers"""
return a + b
# Add a dynamic greeting resource
@mcp.resource("greeting://{name}")
def get_greeting(name: str) -> str:
"""Get a personalized greeting"""
return f"Hello, {name}!"
```
You can install this server in [Claude Desktop](https://claude.ai/download) and interact with it right away by running:
```bash
mcp install server.py
```
Alternatively, you can test it with the MCP Inspector:
```bash
mcp dev server.py
```
## What is MCP?
The [Model Context Protocol (MCP)](https://modelcontextprotocol.io) lets you build servers that expose data and functionality to LLM applications in a secure, standardized way. Think of it like a web API, but specifically designed for LLM interactions. MCP servers can:
- Expose data through **Resources** (think of these sort of like GET endpoints; they are used to load information into the LLM's context)
- Provide functionality through **Tools** (sort of like POST endpoints; they are used to execute code or otherwise produce a side effect)
- Define interaction patterns through **Prompts** (reusable templates for LLM interactions)
- And more!
## Core Concepts
### Server
The FastMCP server is your core interface to the MCP protocol. It handles connection management, protocol compliance, and message routing:
```python
# Add lifespan support for startup/shutdown with strong typing
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import AsyncIterator
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
# Create a named server
mcp = FastMCP("My App")
# Specify dependencies for deployment and development
mcp = FastMCP("My App", dependencies=["pandas", "numpy"])
@dataclass
class AppContext:
db: Database # Replace with your actual DB type
@asynccontextmanager
async def app_lifespan(server: FastMCP) -> AsyncIterator[AppContext]:
"""Manage application lifecycle with type-safe context"""
try:
# Initialize on startup
await db.connect()
yield AppContext(db=db)
finally:
# Cleanup on shutdown
await db.disconnect()
# Pass lifespan to server
mcp = FastMCP("My App", lifespan=app_lifespan)
# Access type-safe lifespan context in tools
@mcp.tool()
def query_db(ctx: Context) -> str:
"""Tool that uses initialized resources"""
db = ctx.request_context.lifespan_context["db"]
return db.query()
```
### Resources
Resources are how you expose data to LLMs. They're similar to GET endpoints in a REST API - they provide data but shouldn't perform significant computation or have side effects:
```python
@mcp.resource("config://app")
def get_config() -> str:
"""Static configuration data"""
return "App configuration here"
@mcp.resource("users://{user_id}/profile")
def get_user_profile(user_id: str) -> str:
"""Dynamic user data"""
return f"Profile data for user {user_id}"
```
### Tools
Tools let LLMs take actions through your server. Unlike resources, tools are expected to perform computation and have side effects:
```python
@mcp.tool()
def calculate_bmi(weight_kg: float, height_m: float) -> float:
"""Calculate BMI given weight in kg and height in meters"""
return weight_kg / (height_m ** 2)
@mcp.tool()
async def fetch_weather(city: str) -> str:
"""Fetch current weather for a city"""
async with httpx.AsyncClient() as client:
response = await client.get(f"https://api.weather.com/{city}")
return response.text
```
### Prompts
Prompts are reusable templates that help LLMs interact with your server effectively:
```python
@mcp.prompt()
def review_code(code: str) -> str:
return f"Please review this code:\n\n{code}"
@mcp.prompt()
def debug_error(error: str) -> list[Message]:
return [
UserMessage("I'm seeing this error:"),
UserMessage(error),
AssistantMessage("I'll help debug that. What have you tried so far?")
]
```
### Images
FastMCP provides an `Image` class that automatically handles image data:
```python
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP, Image
from PIL import Image as PILImage
@mcp.tool()
def create_thumbnail(image_path: str) -> Image:
"""Create a thumbnail from an image"""
img = PILImage.open(image_path)
img.thumbnail((100, 100))
return Image(data=img.tobytes(), format="png")
```
### Context
The Context object gives your tools and resources access to MCP capabilities:
```python
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP, Context
@mcp.tool()
async def long_task(files: list[str], ctx: Context) -> str:
"""Process multiple files with progress tracking"""
for i, file in enumerate(files):
ctx.info(f"Processing {file}")
await ctx.report_progress(i, len(files))
data, mime_type = await ctx.read_resource(f"file://{file}")
return "Processing complete"
```
## Running Your Server
### Development Mode
The fastest way to test and debug your server is with the MCP Inspector:
```bash
mcp dev server.py
# Add dependencies
mcp dev server.py --with pandas --with numpy
# Mount local code
mcp dev server.py --with-editable .
```
### Claude Desktop Integration
Once your server is ready, install it in Claude Desktop:
```bash
mcp install server.py
# Custom name
mcp install server.py --name "My Analytics Server"
# Environment variables
mcp install server.py -v API_KEY=abc123 -v DB_URL=postgres://...
mcp install server.py -f .env
```
### Direct Execution
For advanced scenarios like custom deployments:
```python
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
mcp = FastMCP("My App")
if __name__ == "__main__":
mcp.run()
```
Run it with:
```bash
python server.py
# or
mcp run server.py
```
## Examples
### Echo Server
A simple server demonstrating resources, tools, and prompts:
```python
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
mcp = FastMCP("Echo")
@mcp.resource("echo://{message}")
def echo_resource(message: str) -> str:
"""Echo a message as a resource"""
return f"Resource echo: {message}"
@mcp.tool()
def echo_tool(message: str) -> str:
"""Echo a message as a tool"""
return f"Tool echo: {message}"
@mcp.prompt()
def echo_prompt(message: str) -> str:
"""Create an echo prompt"""
return f"Please process this message: {message}"
```
### SQLite Explorer
A more complex example showing database integration:
```python
from mcp.server.fastmcp import FastMCP
import sqlite3
mcp = FastMCP("SQLite Explorer")
@mcp.resource("schema://main")
def get_schema() -> str:
"""Provide the database schema as a resource"""
conn = sqlite3.connect("database.db")
schema = conn.execute(
"SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type='table'"
).fetchall()
return "\n".join(sql[0] for sql in schema if sql[0])
@mcp.tool()
def query_data(sql: str) -> str:
"""Execute SQL queries safely"""
conn = sqlite3.connect("database.db")
try:
result = conn.execute(sql).fetchall()
return "\n".join(str(row) for row in result)
except Exception as e:
return f"Error: {str(e)}"
```
## Advanced Usage
### Low-Level Server
For more control, you can use the low-level server implementation directly. This gives you full access to the protocol and allows you to customize every aspect of your server, including lifecycle management through the lifespan API:
```python
from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
from typing import AsyncIterator
@asynccontextmanager
async def server_lifespan(server: Server) -> AsyncIterator[dict]:
"""Manage server startup and shutdown lifecycle."""
try:
# Initialize resources on startup
await db.connect()
yield {"db": db}
finally:
# Clean up on shutdown
await db.disconnect()
# Pass lifespan to server
server = Server("example-server", lifespan=server_lifespan)
# Access lifespan context in handlers
@server.call_tool()
async def query_db(name: str, arguments: dict) -> list:
ctx = server.request_context
db = ctx.lifespan_context["db"]
return await db.query(arguments["query"])
```
The lifespan API provides:
- A way to initialize resources when the server starts and clean them up when it stops
- Access to initialized resources through the request context in handlers
- Type-safe context passing between lifespan and request handlers
```python
from mcp.server.lowlevel import Server, NotificationOptions
from mcp.server.models import InitializationOptions
import mcp.server.stdio
import mcp.types as types
# Create a server instance
server = Server("example-server")
@server.list_prompts()
async def handle_list_prompts() -> list[types.Prompt]:
return [
types.Prompt(
name="example-prompt",
description="An example prompt template",
arguments=[
types.PromptArgument(
name="arg1",
description="Example argument",
required=True
)
]
)
]
@server.get_prompt()
async def handle_get_prompt(
name: str,
arguments: dict[str, str] | None
) -> types.GetPromptResult:
if name != "example-prompt":
raise ValueError(f"Unknown prompt: {name}")
return types.GetPromptResult(
description="Example prompt",
messages=[
types.PromptMessage(
role="user",
content=types.TextContent(
type="text",
text="Example prompt text"
)
)
]
)
async def run():
async with mcp.server.stdio.stdio_server() as (read_stream, write_stream):
await server.run(
read_stream,
write_stream,
InitializationOptions(
server_name="example",
server_version="0.1.0",
capabilities=server.get_capabilities(
notification_options=NotificationOptions(),
experimental_capabilities={},
)
)
)
if __name__ == "__main__":
import asyncio
asyncio.run(run())
```
### Writing MCP Clients
The SDK provides a high-level client interface for connecting to MCP servers:
```python
from mcp import ClientSession, StdioServerParameters
from mcp.client.stdio import stdio_client
# Create server parameters for stdio connection
server_params = StdioServerParameters(
command="python", # Executable
args=["example_server.py"], # Optional command line arguments
env=None # Optional environment variables
)
# Optional: create a sampling callback
async def handle_sampling_message(message: types.CreateMessageRequestParams) -> types.CreateMessageResult:
return types.CreateMessageResult(
role="assistant",
content=types.TextContent(
type="text",
text="Hello, world! from model",
),
model="gpt-3.5-turbo",
stopReason="endTurn",
)
async def run():
async with stdio_client(server_params) as (read, write):
async with ClientSession(read, write, sampling_callback=handle_sampling_message) as session:
# Initialize the connection
await session.initialize()
# List available prompts
prompts = await session.list_prompts()
# Get a prompt
prompt = await session.get_prompt("example-prompt", arguments={"arg1": "value"})
# List available resources
resources = await session.list_resources()
# List available tools
tools = await session.list_tools()
# Read a resource
content, mime_type = await session.read_resource("file://some/path")
# Call a tool
result = await session.call_tool("tool-name", arguments={"arg1": "value"})
if __name__ == "__main__":
import asyncio
asyncio.run(run())
```
### MCP Primitives
The MCP protocol defines three core primitives that servers can implement:
| Primitive | Control | Description | Example Use |
|-----------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------------------------|------------------------------|
| Prompts | User-controlled | Interactive templates invoked by user choice | Slash commands, menu options |
| Resources | Application-controlled| Contextual data managed by the client application | File contents, API responses |
| Tools | Model-controlled | Functions exposed to the LLM to take actions | API calls, data updates |
### Server Capabilities
MCP servers declare capabilities during initialization:
| Capability | Feature Flag | Description |
|-------------|------------------------------|------------------------------------|
| `prompts` | `listChanged` | Prompt template management |
| `resources` | `subscribe`<br/>`listChanged`| Resource exposure and updates |
| `tools` | `listChanged` | Tool discovery and execution |
| `logging` | - | Server logging configuration |
| `completion`| - | Argument completion suggestions |
## Documentation
- [Model Context Protocol documentation](https://modelcontextprotocol.io)
- [Model Context Protocol specification](https://spec.modelcontextprotocol.io)
- [Officially supported servers](https://github.com/modelcontextprotocol/servers)
## Contributing
We are passionate about supporting contributors of all levels of experience and would love to see you get involved in the project. See the [contributing guide](CONTRIBUTING.md) to get started.
## License
This project is licensed under the MIT License - see the LICENSE file for details.

2
pyproject.toml
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@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
[project] [project]
name = "blender-mcp" name = "blender-mcp"
version = "0.1.0" version = "0.1.1"
description = "Blender integration through the Model Context Protocol" description = "Blender integration through the Model Context Protocol"
readme = "README.md" readme = "README.md"
requires-python = ">=3.10" requires-python = ">=3.10"

24
src/blender_mcp/server.py
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@ -229,32 +229,36 @@ def get_blender_connection():
return _blender_connection return _blender_connection
@mcp.tool("blender://scene") @mcp.tool()
def get_scene_info() -> str: def get_scene_info(ctx: Context) -> str:
"""Get detailed information about the current Blender scene""" """Get detailed information about the current Blender scene"""
try: try:
blender = get_blender_connection() blender = get_blender_connection()
result = blender.send_command("get_scene_info") result = blender.send_command("get_scene_info")
return json.dumps({"status": "success", "result": result})
# Just return the JSON representation of what Blender sent us
return json.dumps(result, indent=2)
except Exception as e: except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Error getting scene info from Blender: {str(e)}") logger.error(f"Error getting scene info from Blender: {str(e)}")
return json.dumps({"status": "error", "message": str(e)}) return f"Error getting scene info: {str(e)}"
@mcp.tool("blender://object/{object_name}") @mcp.tool()
def get_object_info(object_name: str) -> str: def get_object_info(ctx: Context, object_name: str) -> str:
""" """
Get detailed information about a specific object in the Blender scene. Get detailed information about a specific object in the Blender scene.
Args: Parameters:
object_name: The name of the object to get information about - object_name: The name of the object to get information about
""" """
try: try:
blender = get_blender_connection() blender = get_blender_connection()
result = blender.send_command("get_object_info", {"name": object_name}) result = blender.send_command("get_object_info", {"name": object_name})
return json.dumps({"status": "success", "result": result})
# Just return the JSON representation of what Blender sent us
return json.dumps(result, indent=2)
except Exception as e: except Exception as e:
logger.error(f"Error getting object info from Blender: {str(e)}") logger.error(f"Error getting object info from Blender: {str(e)}")
return json.dumps({"status": "error", "message": str(e)}) return f"Error getting object info: {str(e)}"
# Tool endpoints # Tool endpoints

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tests/test_ping.py
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@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
import socket
import json
import time
def test_ping():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
print("Connecting to Blender...")
sock.connect(('localhost', 9876))
print("Connected!")
# Ping command
command = {
"type": "ping",
"params": {}
}
print(f"Sending command: {json.dumps(command)}")
sock.sendall(json.dumps(command).encode('utf-8'))
print(f"Setting socket timeout: 15 seconds")
sock.settimeout(15)
print("Waiting for response...")
try:
# Receive data in chunks
chunks = []
while True:
chunk = sock.recv(8192)
if not chunk:
break
chunks.append(chunk)
# Try to parse the JSON to see if we have a complete response
try:
data = b''.join(chunks)
json.loads(data.decode('utf-8'))
# If we get here, we have a complete response
break
except json.JSONDecodeError:
# Incomplete JSON, continue receiving
continue
data = b''.join(chunks)
print(f"Received {len(data)} bytes")
if data:
response = json.loads(data.decode('utf-8'))
print(f"Response: {response}")
else:
print("Received empty response")
except socket.timeout:
print("Socket timeout while waiting for response")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error: {type(e).__name__}: {str(e)}")
finally:
sock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_ping()

68
tests/test_scene_info.py
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@ -1,68 +0,0 @@
import socket
import json
import time
def test_scene_info():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
print("Connecting to Blender...")
sock.connect(('localhost', 9876))
print("Connected!")
# Scene info command
command = {
"type": "get_scene_info",
"params": {}
}
print(f"Sending command: {json.dumps(command)}")
sock.sendall(json.dumps(command).encode('utf-8'))
print(f"Setting socket timeout: 15 seconds")
sock.settimeout(15)
print("Waiting for response...")
try:
# Receive data in chunks
chunks = []
while True:
chunk = sock.recv(8192)
if not chunk:
break
chunks.append(chunk)
# Try to parse the JSON to see if we have a complete response
try:
data = b''.join(chunks)
json.loads(data.decode('utf-8'))
# If we get here, we have a complete response
break
except json.JSONDecodeError:
# Incomplete JSON, continue receiving
continue
data = b''.join(chunks)
print(f"Received {len(data)} bytes")
if data:
response = json.loads(data.decode('utf-8'))
print(f"Response status: {response.get('status')}")
if response.get('status') == 'success':
result = response.get('result', {})
print(f"Scene name: {result.get('name')}")
print(f"Object count: {result.get('object_count')}")
print(f"Objects returned: {len(result.get('objects', []))}")
else:
print(f"Error: {response.get('message')}")
else:
print("Received empty response")
except socket.timeout:
print("Socket timeout while waiting for response")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error: {type(e).__name__}: {str(e)}")
finally:
sock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_scene_info()

61
tests/test_simple_info.py
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@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
import socket
import json
import time
def test_simple_info():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
print("Connecting to Blender...")
sock.connect(('localhost', 9876))
print("Connected!")
# Simple info command
command = {
"type": "get_simple_info",
"params": {}
}
print(f"Sending command: {json.dumps(command)}")
sock.sendall(json.dumps(command).encode('utf-8'))
print(f"Setting socket timeout: 15 seconds")
sock.settimeout(15)
print("Waiting for response...")
try:
# Receive data in chunks
chunks = []
while True:
chunk = sock.recv(8192)
if not chunk:
break
chunks.append(chunk)
# Try to parse the JSON to see if we have a complete response
try:
data = b''.join(chunks)
json.loads(data.decode('utf-8'))
# If we get here, we have a complete response
break
except json.JSONDecodeError:
# Incomplete JSON, continue receiving
continue
data = b''.join(chunks)
print(f"Received {len(data)} bytes")
if data:
response = json.loads(data.decode('utf-8'))
print(f"Response: {response}")
else:
print("Received empty response")
except socket.timeout:
print("Socket timeout while waiting for response")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error: {type(e).__name__}: {str(e)}")
finally:
sock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_simple_info()

43
tests/test_socket_connection.py
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@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
import socket
import json
import time
def test_simple_command():
sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
try:
print("Connecting to Blender...")
sock.connect(('localhost', 9876))
print("Connected!")
# Simple ping command
command = {
"type": "ping",
"params": {}
}
print(f"Sending command: {json.dumps(command)}")
sock.sendall(json.dumps(command).encode('utf-8'))
print(f"Setting socket timeout: 10 seconds")
sock.settimeout(10)
print("Waiting for response...")
try:
response_data = sock.recv(65536)
print(f"Received {len(response_data)} bytes")
if response_data:
response = json.loads(response_data.decode('utf-8'))
print(f"Response: {response}")
else:
print("Received empty response")
except socket.timeout:
print("Socket timeout while waiting for response")
except Exception as e:
print(f"Error: {type(e).__name__}: {str(e)}")
finally:
sock.close()
if __name__ == "__main__":
test_simple_command()

4
uv.lock generated
View File

@ -28,8 +28,8 @@ wheels = [
[[package]] [[package]]
name = "blender-mcp" name = "blender-mcp"
version = "0.1.0" version = "0.1.1"
source = { virtual = "." } source = { editable = "." }
dependencies = [ dependencies = [
{ name = "mcp", extra = ["cli"] }, { name = "mcp", extra = ["cli"] },
] ]