{
  "id": "ledu-chapter2",
  "book_id": "ledu",
  "name": "货比三家 (Compare Prices at Three Shops)",
  "description": "Chapter on online shopping, consumer behavior, and China's Double 11 shopping festival. Explores shopping methods, consumer preferences, and the advantages and disadvantages of online shopping.",
  "difficulty": "intermediate",
  "language": "zh-CN",
  "chapter_number": "2",
  "metadata": {
    "version": "1.0",
    "created": "2025-10-14",
    "updated": "2025-10-14",
    "source": "LEDU Textbook - Jiaotong University",
    "target_level": "intermediate",
    "estimated_hours": 10,
    "prerequisites": ["ledu-chapter1"],
    "learning_objectives": [
      "Master 40+ shopping and consumer vocabulary terms",
      "Understand Chinese online shopping culture and Double 11",
      "Learn about consumer behavior and shopping preferences",
      "Practice reading comprehension with authentic texts",
      "Develop vocabulary inference skills using affixes"
    ],
    "content_tags": ["shopping", "consumer-culture", "online-shopping", "double-11", "chinese-culture"],
    "completion_criteria": {
      "vocabulary_mastery": 90,
      "comprehension_score": 80,
      "exercises_completed": 20
    }
  },
  "vocabulary": {
    "品": {
      "pronunciation": "pǐn",
      "type": "morpheme",
      "user_language": "item, product, grade, quality",
      "examples": ["商品", "产品", "上品", "品茶"],
      "notes": "Associative character composed of three 口 (mouth). Generally used as morpheme, not alone."
    },
    "物": {
      "pronunciation": "wù",
      "type": "morpheme",
      "user_language": "thing, object, matter",
      "examples": ["动物", "物品", "礼物", "博物馆"],
      "notes": "Usually used as morpheme, not alone"
    },
    "消费": {
      "pronunciation": "xiāofèi",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to consume",
      "examples": ["消费水平", "消费者"]
    },
    "方式": {
      "pronunciation": "fāngshì",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "way, method, manner",
      "examples": ["生活方式", "消费方式"]
    },
    "打折": {
      "pronunciation": "dǎ//zhé",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to sell at a discount",
      "examples": ["打八折", "打折促销"],
      "notes": "打八折 means 20% off (pay 80%)"
    },
    "促销": {
      "pronunciation": "cùxiāo",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to promote sales",
      "examples": ["打折促销", "促销员"]
    },
    "优惠": {
      "pronunciation": "yōuhuì",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "preferential, discount",
      "examples": ["优惠价格", "八折优惠"]
    },
    "调查": {
      "pronunciation": "diàochá",
      "type": "noun/verb",
      "user_language": "investigation; to investigate",
      "examples": ["一项调查", "做调查"]
    },
    "需要": {
      "pronunciation": "xūyào",
      "type": "verb/noun",
      "user_language": "to need; need",
      "examples": ["需要时间", "需要帮助", "工作的需要"]
    },
    "实用": {
      "pronunciation": "shíyòng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "practical, functional"
    },
    "折扣": {
      "pronunciation": "zhékòu",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "discount",
      "examples": ["有折扣", "折扣价"]
    },
    "吸引": {
      "pronunciation": "xīyǐn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to attract",
      "examples": ["吸引人", "有吸引力", "吸引住"]
    },
    "产品": {
      "pronunciation": "chǎnpǐn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "product",
      "examples": ["进口产品", "产品质量"]
    },
    "省": {
      "pronunciation": "shěng",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to save, to economize",
      "examples": ["省钱", "省时间", "省心"]
    },
    "满意": {
      "pronunciation": "mǎnyì",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to be satisfied",
      "examples": ["对…满意"]
    },
    "光棍儿节": {
      "pronunciation": "Guānggùnr Jié",
      "type": "proper noun",
      "user_language": "Singles' Day",
      "notes": "November 11th, because of the four 1's representing single people"
    },
    "降": {
      "pronunciation": "jiàng",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to lower, to reduce"
    },
    "涨": {
      "pronunciation": "zhǎng",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to rise (of prices, water, wages)"
    },
    "骗": {
      "pronunciation": "piàn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to cheat, to deceive"
    },
    "经验": {
      "pronunciation": "jīngyàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "experience"
    },
    "赚": {
      "pronunciation": "zhuàn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to make a profit, to earn"
    },
    "服装": {
      "pronunciation": "fúzhuāng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "clothing, costume"
    },
    "满": {
      "pronunciation": "mǎn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to reach, to come up to (formal/business)",
      "examples": ["每满299元"]
    },
    "返": {
      "pronunciation": "fǎn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to return, to pay back (formal/business)"
    },
    "优惠券": {
      "pronunciation": "yōuhuìquàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "coupon"
    },
    "化妆品": {
      "pronunciation": "huàzhuāngpǐn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "cosmetics, makeup"
    },
    "电饭锅": {
      "pronunciation": "diànfànguō",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "electric rice cooker"
    },
    "网购": {
      "pronunciation": "wǎnggòu",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to shop online"
    },
    "近年来": {
      "pronunciation": "jìn nián lái",
      "type": "phrase",
      "user_language": "in recent years"
    },
    "已经": {
      "pronunciation": "yǐjīng",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "already"
    },
    "成为": {
      "pronunciation": "chéngwéi",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to become"
    },
    "日常": {
      "pronunciation": "rìcháng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "daily, everyday"
    },
    "谈到": {
      "pronunciation": "tándào",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to mention, to talk about"
    },
    "首先": {
      "pronunciation": "shǒuxiān",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "first, firstly"
    },
    "想到": {
      "pronunciation": "xiǎngdào",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to think of"
    },
    "双十一": {
      "pronunciation": "shuāng shí yī",
      "type": "proper noun",
      "user_language": "Double 11 (November 11)"
    },
    "单身": {
      "pronunciation": "dānshēn",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "single (unmarried)"
    },
    "后来": {
      "pronunciation": "hòulái",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "later, afterwards"
    },
    "说法": {
      "pronunciation": "shuōfǎ",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "way of saying, statement"
    },
    "计划": {
      "pronunciation": "jìhuà",
      "type": "verb/noun",
      "user_language": "to plan; plan"
    },
    "举办": {
      "pronunciation": "jǔbàn",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to hold, to organize (event)"
    },
    "购物节": {
      "pronunciation": "gòuwù jié",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "shopping festival"
    },
    "选择": {
      "pronunciation": "xuǎnzé",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to choose, to select"
    },
    "刚好": {
      "pronunciation": "gānghǎo",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "just right, exactly"
    },
    "购买": {
      "pronunciation": "gòumǎi",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to purchase"
    },
    "网友": {
      "pronunciation": "wǎngyǒu",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "netizen, internet user"
    },
    "戏称": {
      "pronunciation": "xìchēng",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to jokingly call"
    },
    "每年": {
      "pronunciation": "měinián",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "every year"
    },
    "电商网站": {
      "pronunciation": "diànshāng wǎngzhàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "e-commerce website"
    },
    "价格": {
      "pronunciation": "jiàgé",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "price"
    },
    "一般": {
      "pronunciation": "yībān",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "generally, usually"
    },
    "平时": {
      "pronunciation": "píngshí",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "usually, ordinarily"
    },
    "物美价廉": {
      "pronunciation": "wù měi jià lián",
      "type": "idiom",
      "user_language": "good quality and cheap price"
    },
    "网站": {
      "pronunciation": "wǎngzhàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "website"
    },
    "其中": {
      "pronunciation": "qízhōng",
      "type": "pronoun",
      "user_language": "among them"
    },
    "大部分": {
      "pronunciation": "dà bùfen",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "most, the majority"
    },
    "认为": {
      "pronunciation": "rènwéi",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to think, to believe"
    },
    "买到": {
      "pronunciation": "mǎidào",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to buy (successfully)"
    },
    "便宜": {
      "pronunciation": "piányi",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "cheap, inexpensive"
    },
    "而且": {
      "pronunciation": "érqiě",
      "type": "conjunction",
      "user_language": "and, moreover"
    },
    "现在": {
      "pronunciation": "xiànzài",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "now, currently"
    },
    "东西": {
      "pronunciation": "dōngxi",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "thing, stuff"
    },
    "参加": {
      "pronunciation": "cānjiā",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to participate"
    },
    "觉得": {
      "pronunciation": "juéde",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to feel, to think"
    },
    "特别": {
      "pronunciation": "tèbié",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "especially, particularly"
    },
    "工作": {
      "pronunciation": "gōngzuò",
      "type": "noun/verb",
      "user_language": "work, job; to work"
    },
    "忙": {
      "pronunciation": "máng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "busy"
    },
    "时间": {
      "pronunciation": "shíjiān",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "time"
    },
    "感觉": {
      "pronunciation": "gǎnjué",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to feel"
    },
    "男性": {
      "pronunciation": "nánxìng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "male"
    },
    "女性": {
      "pronunciation": "nǚxìng",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "female"
    },
    "吸引力": {
      "pronunciation": "xīyǐnlì",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "attraction, appeal"
    },
    "日用百货": {
      "pronunciation": "rìyòng bǎihuò",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "daily necessities"
    },
    "家电": {
      "pronunciation": "jiādiàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "household appliances"
    },
    "数码产品": {
      "pronunciation": "shùmǎ chǎnpǐn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "digital products"
    },
    "有利有弊": {
      "pronunciation": "yǒu lì yǒu bì",
      "type": "idiom",
      "user_language": "has advantages and disadvantages"
    },
    "方便": {
      "pronunciation": "fāngbiàn",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "convenient"
    },
    "购物": {
      "pronunciation": "gòuwù",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "shopping"
    },
    "乐趣": {
      "pronunciation": "lèqù",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "pleasure, joy"
    },
    "但是": {
      "pronunciation": "dànshì",
      "type": "conjunction",
      "user_language": "but, however"
    },
    "有时": {
      "pronunciation": "yǒushí",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "sometimes"
    },
    "商品": {
      "pronunciation": "shāngpǐn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "goods, merchandise"
    },
    "本来": {
      "pronunciation": "běnlái",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "originally"
    },
    "为了": {
      "pronunciation": "wèile",
      "type": "preposition",
      "user_language": "in order to, for"
    },
    "却": {
      "pronunciation": "què",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "however, but"
    },
    "钱": {
      "pronunciation": "qián",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "money"
    },
    "真正": {
      "pronunciation": "zhēnzhēng",
      "type": "adjective",
      "user_language": "real, genuine"
    },
    "降价": {
      "pronunciation": "jiàngjià",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to reduce prices"
    },
    "涨价": {
      "pronunciation": "zhǎngjià",
      "type": "verb",
      "user_language": "to increase prices"
    },
    "新手": {
      "pronunciation": "xīnshǒu",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "novice, beginner"
    },
    "不用": {
      "pronunciation": "bùyòng",
      "type": "auxiliary verb",
      "user_language": "no need to"
    },
    "价廉物美": {
      "pronunciation": "jià lián wù měi",
      "type": "idiom",
      "user_language": "cheap and good quality"
    },
    "为什么": {
      "pronunciation": "wèishénme",
      "type": "pronoun",
      "user_language": "why"
    },
    "会": {
      "pronunciation": "huì",
      "type": "auxiliary verb",
      "user_language": "will"
    },
    "可能": {
      "pronunciation": "kěnéng",
      "type": "auxiliary verb",
      "user_language": "possibly, maybe"
    },
    "开网店": {
      "pronunciation": "kāi wǎngdiàn",
      "type": "verb phrase",
      "user_language": "to run an online store"
    },
    "网店": {
      "pronunciation": "wǎngdiàn",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "online store"
    },
    "做生意": {
      "pronunciation": "zuò shēngyi",
      "type": "verb phrase",
      "user_language": "to do business"
    },
    "先": {
      "pronunciation": "xiān",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "first"
    },
    "如果": {
      "pronunciation": "rúguǒ",
      "type": "conjunction",
      "user_language": "if"
    },
    "对...来说": {
      "pronunciation": "duì...lái shuō",
      "type": "phrase",
      "user_language": "for, as far as...is concerned"
    },
    "店主": {
      "pronunciation": "diànzhǔ",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "shop owner"
    },
    "期间": {
      "pronunciation": "qījiān",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "period, during"
    },
    "主要": {
      "pronunciation": "zhǔyào",
      "type": "adverb",
      "user_language": "mainly"
    },
    "人气": {
      "pronunciation": "rénqì",
      "type": "noun",
      "user_language": "popularity"
    }
  },
  "grammar": {
    "既然": {
      "title": "既然…… - since, now that",
      "pattern": "既然 + Reason, Result",
      "explanation": "Used to express that since a certain condition exists, a certain result follows logically.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "既然你这周没有时间，那就下周再去吧。",
          "pronunciation": "Jìrán nǐ zhè zhōu méiyǒu shíjiān, nà jiù xià zhōu zài qù ba.",
          "translation": "Since you don't have time this week, let's go next week then."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "既然父母不同意你去国外工作，你就别去了。",
          "pronunciation": "Jìrán fùmǔ bù tóngyì nǐ qù guówài gōngzuò, nǐ jiù bié qù le.",
          "translation": "Since your parents don't agree with you working abroad, then don't go."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "既然是自己需要的东西，价格又便宜，为什么不买？",
          "pronunciation": "Jìrán shì zìjǐ xūyào de dōngxi, jiàgé yòu piányi, wèishénme bù mǎi?",
          "translation": "Since it's something you need and the price is cheap, why not buy it?"
        }
      ]
    },
    "自-从-起": {
      "title": "自/从……起 - from...onwards (written language)",
      "explanation": "Written Chinese expression meaning '从……开始' (from...starting). More formal.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "自今日起至1月1日，本店部分商品半价。",
          "pronunciation": "Zì jīnrì qǐ zhì 1 yuè 1 rì, běn diàn bùfen shāngpǐn bàn jià.",
          "translation": "From today until January 1st, some products in this shop are half price."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "从下周起，学校放假。",
          "pronunciation": "Cóng xià zhōu qǐ, xuéxiào fàngjià.",
          "translation": "Starting from next week, school is on vacation."
        }
      ]
    },
    "为-written": {
      "title": "为 (wèi) - to be (written language)",
      "explanation": "Written Chinese verb meaning '是' (to be). More formal.",
      "examples": [
        {
          "chinese": "考试时间为两小时。",
          "pronunciation": "Kǎoshì shíjiān wèi liǎng xiǎoshí.",
          "translation": "The exam time is two hours."
        },
        {
          "chinese": "公司上班时间为上午9:00至下午5:00。",
          "pronunciation": "Gōngsī shàngbān shíjiān wèi shàngwǔ 9:00 zhì xiàwǔ 5:00.",
          "translation": "Company working hours are from 9:00 AM to 5:00 PM."
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  "texts": [
    {
      "id": "main-text",
      "title": ""双十一"，买还是不买？ (Double 11: To Buy or Not to Buy?)",
      "type": "main",
      "content": "近年来，网购已经成为人们的日常消费方式之一。谈到网购，人们首先会想到"双十一"。"双十一"是什么？这得从"光棍儿节"说起。11月11日，因为有4个"1"，让人们想到了单身的人——"光棍儿"，后来就有了"光棍儿节"的说法。2009年，一个网上商城计划举办一个网上购物节，他们选择在11月进行，因为那时刚好是人们购买冬装的时候。11月11日被网友戏称为"光棍儿节"，购物节就选在了这一天，"双十一"购物节就是这么来的。后来，每年的11月11日0点起，各大电商网站都会打折促销，价格一般都比平时优惠很多。\n\n在物美价廉面前，买还是不买？一家网站做了一个"双十一"网购的调查。有75%的网友说会在"双十一"网购，其中大部分人认为"能买到便宜而且现在需要的东西"；不准备参加的人中，有人觉得"没有特别想买的东西"，有人"工作忙，没有时间"，还有人"感觉买的东西不实用"。男性的热情不比女性低，网购的低折扣对他们也有很大的吸引力。\n\n从调查中可以知道，人们对网购服装、日用百货、家电及数码产品最感兴趣。\n\n网购有利有弊。网购方便、省钱，"双十一"给很多人带来了跟平时不一样的购物乐趣。但是，有时人们对买到的商品不太满意，还有人买了很多不需要的东西，本来是为了省钱去网购，却多花了钱。",
      "wordCount": 536,
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": "文章第1段主要介绍了"双十一"的：",
          "type": "multiple_choice",
          "options": ["A传统", "B由来", "C促销活动", "D商家"],
          "correctAnswer": "B由来"
        },
        {
          "question": "人们喜欢在"双十一"网购的主要原因是什么？",
          "type": "multiple_choice",
          "options": ["A网购比去实体店购物更方便", "B能买到便宜而且需要的东西", "C平时很忙，没有时间买东西", "D网购能给人们带来很多乐趣"],
          "correctAnswer": "B能买到便宜而且需要的东西"
        },
        {
          "question": "人们不想参加"双十一"网购的原因中，下列哪一项文中没有提到？",
          "type": "multiple_choice",
          "options": ["A没有想买的东西", "B太忙，没有时间", "C觉得网上的商品质量不好", "D网购的东西可能不太实用"],
          "correctAnswer": "C觉得网上的商品质量不好"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "id": "netizen-comments",
      "title": "关于"双十一"的网友评价 (Netizen Comments About Double 11)",
      "type": "extensive",
      "content": "网友1：不是真正的降价，不少东西是涨价了，骗骗新手的。\n\n网友2：平时也促销，有折扣，"双十一"没有优惠很多，不用急着那一天买。\n\n网友3：省钱最重要，大家都想买到价廉物美的东西。\n\n网友4：既然是自己需要的东西，价格又便宜，为什么不买？\n\n网友5：很多人会买，便宜嘛。不过等不了多久，再看看买回来的东西，大多是用不上的。\n\n网友6：我开网店五年了，"双十一"大部分网店会降价，可能极少数网店涨了价，我觉得那些人不是真正做生意的。\n\n网友7：我的经验是"双十一"前先在网店看看想买的东西，如果"双十一"降价了就买。\n\n网友8：对我们中小店主来说，"双十一"期间，钱真赚不了多少，主要是赚人气。",
      "wordCount": 271,
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": "给"双十一"好评的是哪几位网友？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "网友3、网友4"
        },
        {
          "question": "给"双十一"差评的是哪几位网友？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "网友1、网友2、网友5"
        },
        {
          "question": "哪些网友对"双十一"购物给出了建议？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "网友7：先看价格，如果降价了再买"
        },
        {
          "question": "网友中哪几位是卖家？他们对"双十一"是什么态度？",
          "type": "open",
          "answer": "网友6、网友8。网友6说大部分网店会降价；网友8说赚不了多少钱，主要是赚人气"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "exercises": [
    {
      "type": "vocabulary_inference",
      "title": "通过词缀猜测词义 (Infer meaning through affixes)",
      "description": "Chinese has morphemes that function like affixes: 家 (expert), 者 (person), 手 (skilled person), 热 (craze)",
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": "这家网站有很多国外的买家。",
          "hint": "家 = person who does something",
          "answer": "buyer"
        },
        {
          "question": "这家书店举办了作者与读者见面会。",
          "hint": "者 = person who does something",
          "answer": "author and reader"
        },
        {
          "question": "在网上买东西，特别是新手，可能会遇到一些问题。",
          "hint": "手 = person skilled at something",
          "answer": "novice, beginner"
        },
        {
          "question": "网购热已经从城市到了乡村。",
          "hint": "热 = social trend/craze",
          "answer": "online shopping craze"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "type": "phrase_matching",
      "title": "从课文中找出与下列说法意思相近的词语",
      "questions": [
        {
          "question": "东西比以前贵了（网友1）",
          "answer": "涨价"
        },
        {
          "question": "没有经验的买家（网友1）",
          "answer": "新手"
        },
        {
          "question": "用打折、送礼物的方式卖东西（网友2）",
          "answer": "促销"
        },
        {
          "question": "东西好，而且价格便宜（网友3）",
          "answer": "价廉物美"
        },
        {
          "question": "东西比以前便宜了（网友6）",
          "answer": "降价"
        },
        {
          "question": "增加受关注、受欢迎的程度（网友8）",
          "answer": "赚人气"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
