StillHammer
4ebc31dd5f
Complete course materials, notes, and learning tools for Jiaotong Daxue intensive Chinese program. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
867 lines
32 KiB
JSON
867 lines
32 KiB
JSON
{
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"id": "hanyu-chapter3",
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"book_id": "hanyu-jiaocheng",
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"name": "北京的四季 (Běijīng de Sìjì) - Four Seasons in Beijing",
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"description": "Exploration of Beijing's four seasons, weather patterns, and seasonal activities. Learn about Chinese perspectives on nature and seasonal changes.",
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"difficulty": "intermediate",
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"language": "zh-CN",
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"chapter_number": "3",
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"metadata": {
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"version": "1.0",
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"created": "2025-10-23",
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"updated": "2025-10-23",
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"source": "Hanyu Jiaocheng - Jiaotong University",
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"target_level": "intermediate",
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"estimated_hours": 12,
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"prerequisites": ["hanyu-chapter1", "hanyu-chapter2"],
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"learning_objectives": [
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"Master 90+ vocabulary terms related to seasons and weather",
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"Understand directional complements 上/下",
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"Learn the pattern 拿...来说 (take as example)",
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"Practice using 也许, 多么, and other adverbs",
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"Develop reading comprehension about Chinese culture and seasons"
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],
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"content_tags": ["seasons", "weather", "beijing", "culture", "nature"],
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"completion_criteria": {
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"vocabulary_mastery": 85,
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"comprehension_score": 80,
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"exercises_completed": 20
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}
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},
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"vocabulary": {
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"首都": {
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"pronunciation": "shǒudū",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "capital city",
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"examples": ["首都北京", "中国的首都"]
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},
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"季节": {
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"pronunciation": "jìjié",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "season",
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"examples": ["四个季节", "春季、夏季、秋季、冬季"]
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},
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"部分": {
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"pronunciation": "bùfen",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "part, section",
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"examples": ["中国的大部分地区", "一部分人", "部分学校"]
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},
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"地区": {
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"pronunciation": "dìqū",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "region, area",
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"examples": ["北京地区", "这个地区很美"]
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},
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"拿": {
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"pronunciation": "ná",
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"type": "preposition",
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"user_language": "used to introduce the object (to take as example)",
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"examples": ["就拿首都北京来说吧", "拿人们的生活水平来说"],
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"notes": "Used in pattern: 拿 + noun + 来 + verb (说/看/讲/比较)"
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},
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"脱": {
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"pronunciation": "tuō",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to take off, to remove (clothes)",
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"examples": ["脱下冬衣", "脱下皮鞋"]
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},
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"冬衣": {
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"pronunciation": "dōngyī",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "winter clothes",
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"examples": ["人们脱下冬衣"]
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},
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"春装": {
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"pronunciation": "chūnzhuāng",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "spring clothes",
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"examples": ["换上春装"]
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},
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"姑娘": {
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"pronunciation": "gūniang",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "girl, young woman",
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"examples": ["姑娘和小伙子们", "美丽的姑娘"]
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},
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"湖": {
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"pronunciation": "hú",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "lake",
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"examples": ["在湖上划船", "西湖"]
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},
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"划船": {
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"pronunciation": "huá chuán",
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"type": "verb phrase",
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"user_language": "to row a boat",
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"examples": ["在湖上划船", "我们去划船吧"]
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},
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"划": {
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"pronunciation": "huá",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to row, to paddle",
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"examples": ["划船", "划桨"]
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},
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"船": {
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"pronunciation": "chuán",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "boat, ship",
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"examples": ["划船", "坐船"]
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},
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"充满": {
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"pronunciation": "chōngmǎn",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to be full of, to be filled with",
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"examples": ["充满了歌声和笑声", "充满信心", "充满希望"]
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},
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"游人": {
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"pronunciation": "yóurén",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "visitor, tourist, sightseer",
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"examples": ["来自世界各地的游人", "游人很多"]
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},
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"显得": {
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"pronunciation": "xiǎnde",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to look, to seem, to appear",
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"examples": ["显得轻松而愉快", "显得很高兴", "显得多么年轻"]
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},
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"轻松": {
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"pronunciation": "qīngsōng",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "relaxed, not feeling nervous",
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"examples": ["显得轻松而愉快", "轻松的心情"]
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},
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"火锅儿": {
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"pronunciation": "huǒguōr",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "hotpot, chafing dish",
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"examples": ["吃火锅儿", "围坐在火锅儿旁边"]
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},
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"围": {
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"pronunciation": "wéi",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to enclose, to surround",
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"examples": ["围坐在火锅儿旁边", "围着桌子坐"]
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},
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"向往": {
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"pronunciation": "xiàngwǎng",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to yearn for, to look forward to",
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"examples": ["让人羡慕和向往", "向往北京", "向往幸福生活"]
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},
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"堆雪人儿": {
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"pronunciation": "duī xuěrénr",
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"type": "verb phrase",
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"user_language": "to build a snowman",
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"examples": ["孩子们堆雪人儿"]
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},
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"堆": {
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"pronunciation": "duī",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to pile up, to stack",
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"examples": ["堆雪人儿", "堆书"]
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},
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"打雪仗": {
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"pronunciation": "dǎ xuězhàng",
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"type": "verb phrase",
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"user_language": "to have a snowball fight",
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"examples": ["打雪仗", "孩子们在打雪仗"]
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},
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"打": {
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"pronunciation": "dǎ",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to fight, to beat",
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"examples": ["打雪仗", "打架"]
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},
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"冻": {
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"pronunciation": "dòng",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to feel very cold, to freeze",
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"examples": ["小脸和小手冻得红红的", "我冻得不行了"]
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},
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"瑞雪兆丰年": {
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"pronunciation": "ruìxuě zhào fēngnián",
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"type": "idiom",
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"user_language": "a timely snow promises a good harvest",
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"examples": ["北京人说：瑞雪兆丰年"],
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"notes": "Traditional Chinese proverb"
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},
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"场": {
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"pronunciation": "cháng",
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"type": "measure word",
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"user_language": "a measure word for events, games, shows",
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"examples": ["下几场大雪", "一场电影"]
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},
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"收成": {
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"pronunciation": "shōucheng",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "harvest, crop",
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"examples": ["有好收成", "今年的收成不错"]
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},
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"数": {
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"pronunciation": "shǔ",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to be reckoned as exceptionally (good or bad)",
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"examples": ["要数秋天了", "数他最高", "数得上"]
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},
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"大街": {
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"pronunciation": "dàjiē",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "main street, avenue",
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"examples": ["大街上到处是鲜花", "走在大街上"]
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},
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"鲜花": {
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"pronunciation": "xiānhuā",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "(fresh) flower",
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"examples": ["到处是鲜花", "买鲜花"]
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},
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"瓜": {
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"pronunciation": "guā",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "melon, gourd",
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"examples": ["瓜果", "西瓜"]
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},
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"果": {
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"pronunciation": "guǒ",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "fruit",
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"examples": ["瓜果", "水果"]
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},
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"每": {
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"pronunciation": "měi",
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"type": "adverb",
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"user_language": "every, each",
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"examples": ["每到周末", "每天", "每个人"]
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},
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"郊外": {
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"pronunciation": "jiāowài",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "outskirts, countryside around a city",
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"examples": ["到郊外去玩儿", "郊外风景很美"]
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},
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"美丽": {
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"pronunciation": "měilì",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "beautiful",
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"examples": ["最美丽的景色", "美丽的城市", "美丽的姑娘"]
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},
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"美": {
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"pronunciation": "měi",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "beautiful",
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"examples": ["最美的风光", "很美"]
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},
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"景色": {
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"pronunciation": "jǐngsè",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "scenery, view, scene",
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"examples": ["最美丽的景色", "美丽的景色", "山上的景色"]
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},
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"如今": {
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"pronunciation": "rújīn",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "now, today, at present",
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"examples": ["这个古老的国家如今显得多么年轻", "如今的生活"]
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},
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"多么": {
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"pronunciation": "duōme",
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"type": "adverb",
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"user_language": "what, how, to a great extent",
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"examples": ["显得多么年轻", "多么热情", "多么美好"],
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"notes": "Used in exclamatory sentences"
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},
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"勤劳": {
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"pronunciation": "qínláo",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "industrious, hard-working",
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"examples": ["勤劳善良的中国人", "勤劳的人民"]
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},
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"善良": {
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"pronunciation": "shànliáng",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "good and honest, kind-hearted",
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"examples": ["勤劳善良", "善良的人"]
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},
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"热爱": {
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"pronunciation": "rè'ài",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to love deeply",
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"examples": ["热爱和平", "热爱工作", "热爱祖国"],
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"notes": "More formal than 爱, used for country, peace, people"
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},
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"友好": {
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"pronunciation": "yǒuhǎo",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "friendly",
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"examples": ["热情友好的人们", "友好相处"]
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},
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"亲爱": {
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"pronunciation": "qīn'ài",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "dear",
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"examples": ["亲爱的朋友", "亲爱的同学们"]
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},
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"愿": {
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"pronunciation": "yuàn",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to hope, to wish, to like",
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"examples": ["愿你们生活得平安快乐", "我愿意"]
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},
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"平安": {
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"pronunciation": "píng'ān",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "safe and sound",
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"examples": ["生活得平安快乐", "一路平安"]
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},
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"树": {
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"pronunciation": "shù",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "tree",
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"examples": ["树绿了", "种树", "大树"]
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},
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"绿": {
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"pronunciation": "lǜ",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "green",
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"examples": ["树绿了", "很绿", "绿色"]
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},
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"花儿": {
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"pronunciation": "huār",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "flower",
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"examples": ["花儿开了", "在花儿前照相"]
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},
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"开": {
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"pronunciation": "kāi",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to open, to bloom; to turn on",
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"examples": ["花儿开了", "开门", "暖气一开"]
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},
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"天气": {
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"pronunciation": "tiānqì",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "weather",
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"examples": ["天气暖和了", "天气热了", "天气不冷也不热"]
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},
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"暖和": {
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"pronunciation": "nuǎnhuo",
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"type": "adjective",
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"user_language": "warm (pleasantly)",
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"examples": ["天气暖和了", "屋子里很暖和", "穿着很暖和"]
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},
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"打扮": {
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"pronunciation": "dǎban",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to dress up, to make oneself up",
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"examples": ["打扮得漂漂亮亮的", "好好打扮一下"]
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},
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"照相": {
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"pronunciation": "zhàoxiàng",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to take a photo",
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"examples": ["在花儿前照相", "去外边照相"]
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},
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"歌声": {
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"pronunciation": "gēshēng",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "singing voice, sound of singing",
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"examples": ["年轻人的歌声和笑声", "听到歌声"]
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},
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"笑声": {
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"pronunciation": "xiàoshēng",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "laughter, sound of laughing",
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"examples": ["歌声和笑声", "充满了笑声"]
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},
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"游泳": {
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"pronunciation": "yóuyǒng",
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"type": "verb",
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||
"user_language": "to swim",
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||
"examples": ["去游泳", "喜欢游泳"]
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},
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"散步": {
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"pronunciation": "sànbù",
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||
"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to take a walk, to stroll",
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"examples": ["到外边散步", "散步的人", "吃完饭去散步"]
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||
},
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||
"聊天儿": {
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||
"pronunciation": "liáo tiānr",
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"type": "verb",
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"user_language": "to chat",
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||
"examples": ["散步、聊天儿", "一边走一边聊"]
|
||
},
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||
"马路": {
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"pronunciation": "mǎlù",
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"type": "noun",
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||
"user_language": "street, road",
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||
"examples": ["马路边", "过马路"]
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},
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"愉快": {
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||
"pronunciation": "yúkuài",
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||
"type": "adjective",
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||
"user_language": "happy, joyful, cheerful",
|
||
"examples": ["轻松而愉快", "很愉快"]
|
||
},
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||
"暖气": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "nuǎnqì",
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||
"type": "noun",
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||
"user_language": "heating",
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||
"examples": ["暖气一开", "开暖气"]
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||
},
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||
"屋子": {
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||
"pronunciation": "wūzi",
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||
"type": "noun",
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||
"user_language": "room, house",
|
||
"examples": ["屋子里很暖和", "进屋子"]
|
||
},
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||
"情景": {
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||
"pronunciation": "qíngjǐng",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "scene, sight, circumstance",
|
||
"examples": ["这情景让人羡慕", "美好的情景"]
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||
},
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||
"羡慕": {
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||
"pronunciation": "xiànmù",
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||
"type": "verb",
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||
"user_language": "to envy, to admire",
|
||
"examples": ["让人羡慕和向往", "我真羡慕他"]
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},
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"雪": {
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||
"pronunciation": "xuě",
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"type": "noun",
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"user_language": "snow",
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"examples": ["下雪", "大雪", "雪景"]
|
||
},
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||
"下雪": {
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"pronunciation": "xià xuě",
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||
"type": "verb phrase",
|
||
"user_language": "to snow",
|
||
"examples": ["不常下雪", "下了雪", "下几场大雪"]
|
||
},
|
||
"要是": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "yàoshi",
|
||
"type": "conjunction",
|
||
"user_language": "if",
|
||
"examples": ["要是下了雪", "要是你能去看看"]
|
||
},
|
||
"过节": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "guò jié",
|
||
"type": "verb phrase",
|
||
"user_language": "to celebrate a festival",
|
||
"examples": ["像过节一样高兴", "过春节"]
|
||
},
|
||
"风光": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "fēngguāng",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "scenery, landscape",
|
||
"examples": ["最美的风光", "欣赏风光"]
|
||
},
|
||
"雪景": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "xuějǐng",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "snowy scenery",
|
||
"examples": ["最美的风光就是雪景", "看雪景"]
|
||
},
|
||
"相机": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "xiàngjī",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "camera",
|
||
"examples": ["带上相机", "用相机照相"]
|
||
},
|
||
"雪地": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "xuědì",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "snowy ground",
|
||
"examples": ["在雪地上跑", "雪地里"]
|
||
},
|
||
"脸": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "liǎn",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "face",
|
||
"examples": ["小脸冻得红红的", "洗脸"]
|
||
},
|
||
"手": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "shǒu",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "hand",
|
||
"examples": ["小手冻得红红的", "洗手"]
|
||
},
|
||
"红": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "hóng",
|
||
"type": "adjective",
|
||
"user_language": "red",
|
||
"examples": ["冻得红红的", "红叶", "红色"]
|
||
},
|
||
"刮风": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "guā fēng",
|
||
"type": "verb phrase",
|
||
"user_language": "to be windy",
|
||
"examples": ["很少刮风", "刮大风"]
|
||
},
|
||
"周末": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "zhōumò",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "weekend",
|
||
"examples": ["每到周末", "这个周末"]
|
||
},
|
||
"满": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "mǎn",
|
||
"type": "adjective",
|
||
"user_language": "full",
|
||
"examples": ["满山的红叶", "满街都是"]
|
||
},
|
||
"山": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "shān",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "mountain, hill",
|
||
"examples": ["满山的红叶", "爬山"]
|
||
},
|
||
"红叶": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "hóngyè",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "red autumn leaves",
|
||
"examples": ["满山的红叶", "看红叶"]
|
||
},
|
||
"爬": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "pá",
|
||
"type": "verb",
|
||
"user_language": "to climb",
|
||
"examples": ["爬香山", "爬山"]
|
||
},
|
||
"活动": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "huódòng",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "activity",
|
||
"examples": ["最喜欢的活动", "体育活动"]
|
||
},
|
||
"放假": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "fàng jià",
|
||
"type": "verb phrase",
|
||
"user_language": "to have a holiday, to have a vacation",
|
||
"examples": ["放假期间", "国庆节放假"]
|
||
},
|
||
"期间": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "qījiān",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "period, time",
|
||
"examples": ["放假期间", "学习期间"]
|
||
},
|
||
"正是": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "zhèngshì",
|
||
"type": "adverb",
|
||
"user_language": "precisely, exactly",
|
||
"examples": ["正是最美的时候", "正是这样"]
|
||
},
|
||
"利用": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "lìyòng",
|
||
"type": "verb",
|
||
"user_language": "to use, to take advantage of",
|
||
"examples": ["利用假期", "利用时间"]
|
||
},
|
||
"假期": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "jiàqī",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "vacation, holiday",
|
||
"examples": ["利用假期", "暑假期间"]
|
||
},
|
||
"旅游": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "lǚyóu",
|
||
"type": "verb",
|
||
"user_language": "to travel, to tour",
|
||
"examples": ["到北京来旅游", "去旅游"]
|
||
},
|
||
"广场": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "guǎngchǎng",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "square, public plaza",
|
||
"examples": ["天安门广场", "在广场上"]
|
||
},
|
||
"古老": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "gǔlǎo",
|
||
"type": "adjective",
|
||
"user_language": "ancient, old",
|
||
"examples": ["古老的国家", "古老的城市"]
|
||
},
|
||
"国家": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "guójiā",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "country, nation",
|
||
"examples": ["古老的国家", "世界各国"]
|
||
},
|
||
"年轻": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "niánqīng",
|
||
"type": "adjective",
|
||
"user_language": "young",
|
||
"examples": ["显得多么年轻", "年轻人"]
|
||
},
|
||
"和平": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "hépíng",
|
||
"type": "noun",
|
||
"user_language": "peace",
|
||
"examples": ["热爱和平", "世界和平"]
|
||
},
|
||
"热情": {
|
||
"pronunciation": "rèqíng",
|
||
"type": "adjective",
|
||
"user_language": "enthusiastic, warm",
|
||
"examples": ["多么热情", "热情友好", "热情地欢迎"]
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"grammar": {
|
||
"na-lai-shuo": {
|
||
"title": "拿...来说 - to take as an example",
|
||
"pattern": "拿 + noun + 来 + verb (说/看/讲/比较/分析)",
|
||
"explanation": "Structure used to introduce a topic or example. The verb is limited to 说, 看, 讲 (to say, to look at, to speak) or 比, 比较, 分析 (to compare, to analyze), etc.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "就拿首都北京来说吧，从三月到五月是春季。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Jiù ná shǒudū Běijīng lái shuō ba, cóng sān yuè dào wǔ yuè shì chūnjì.",
|
||
"translation": "Take the capital Beijing for example, from March to May is spring."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "汉语的一些语法对于外国学习者是比较难的，拿"了"和"把"字句的用法来说，很多人虽然学了，但是还是不知道怎么用。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Hànyǔ de yìxiē yǔfǎ duìyú wàiguó xuéxí zhě shì bǐjiào nán de, ná 'le' hé 'bǎ' zì jù de yòngfǎ lái shuō, hěn duō rén suīrán xué le, dànshì háishì bù zhīdào zěnme yòng.",
|
||
"translation": "Some Chinese grammar is quite difficult for foreign learners. Take the usage of '了' and '把' sentence patterns for example - many people still don't know how to use them even after learning."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "中国这些年发展很快，拿人们的生活水平来说，比过去有很大的提高。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Zhōngguó zhèxiē nián fāzhǎn hěn kuài, ná rénmen de shēnghuó shuǐpíng lái shuō, bǐ guòqù yǒu hěn dà de tígāo.",
|
||
"translation": "China has developed rapidly in recent years. Speaking of people's living standards, there has been great improvement compared to the past."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"verb-xia": {
|
||
"title": "动词 + 下 - directional complement 'down/off'",
|
||
"explanation": "The directional complement 下 has two common meanings: 1) Indicates completion of action with separation (taking off, removing). 2) Indicates movement from high to low position.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "一到春天，人们都脱下冬衣，换上春装。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Yí dào chūntiān, rénmen dōu tuō xià dōngyī, huàn shàng chūnzhuāng.",
|
||
"translation": "As soon as spring arrives, people take off their winter clothes and put on spring outfits.",
|
||
"note": "Separation - taking off"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "她一进屋就脱下皮鞋，换上拖鞋。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Tā yī jìn wū jiù tuō xià píxié, huàn shàng tuōxié.",
|
||
"translation": "As soon as she entered the house, she took off her leather shoes and put on slippers.",
|
||
"note": "Separation - taking off"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "请同学们快坐下，我们上课了。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Qǐng tóngxuémen kuài zuò xià, wǒmen shàngkè le.",
|
||
"translation": "Students, please sit down quickly, let's start class.",
|
||
"note": "Downward movement - sitting down"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "她感动得流下了眼泪。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Tā gǎndòng de liú xià le yǎnlèi.",
|
||
"translation": "She was so moved that tears flowed down.",
|
||
"note": "Downward movement"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"verb-shang": {
|
||
"title": "动词 + 上 - directional complement 'up/on'",
|
||
"explanation": "The directional complement 上 has two common meanings: 1) Indicates result of action, sometimes with closing/attaching meaning (putting on, falling in love, closing). 2) Indicates movement from low to high position.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "一到春天，人们都脱下冬衣，换上春装。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Yí dào chūntiān, rénmen dōu tuō xià dōngyī, huàn shàng chūnzhuāng.",
|
||
"translation": "As soon as spring arrives, people take off winter clothes and put on spring outfits.",
|
||
"note": "Result - putting on"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "刚来时不习惯，一年后她已经爱上了这个地方，不愿意离开了。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Gāng lái shí bù xíguàn, yī nián hòu tā yǐjīng ài shàng le zhège dìfāng, bù yuànyì líkāi le.",
|
||
"translation": "At first she wasn't used to it, but after a year she had fallen in love with this place and didn't want to leave.",
|
||
"note": "Result - falling in love"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "他提着书爬上了十楼。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Tā tízhe shū pá shàng le shí lóu.",
|
||
"translation": "He climbed up to the tenth floor carrying books.",
|
||
"note": "Upward movement"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "她今年终于考上了大学。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Tā jīnnián zhōngyú kǎo shàng le dàxué.",
|
||
"translation": "She finally got into university this year.",
|
||
"note": "Result - successful exam"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"duome": {
|
||
"title": "多么 - what/how (exclamatory)",
|
||
"explanation": "Mainly used in exclamatory sentences to express a high degree. Usage is basically the same as the adverb 多.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "要是你能到天安门广场去看看，就会知道，这个古老的国家如今显得多么年轻。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Yàoshi nǐ néng dào Tiān'ānmén Guǎngchǎng qù kànkan, jiù huì zhīdào, zhège gǔlǎo de guójiā rújīn xiǎnde duōme niánqīng.",
|
||
"translation": "If you can go to Tiananmen Square and have a look, you'll know how young this ancient country appears today."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "你去了就会知道，那里的风景有多么/多美。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Nǐ qù le jiù huì zhīdào, nàlǐ de fēngjǐng yǒu duōme/duō měi.",
|
||
"translation": "Once you go there, you'll know how beautiful the scenery is."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "多么/多有意思啊！",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Duōme/duō yǒu yìsi a!",
|
||
"translation": "How interesting!"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"yexu": {
|
||
"title": "也许 - perhaps, maybe",
|
||
"explanation": "Expresses speculation or uncertainty. Usually placed before verbs, adjectives, or subjects as an adverbial.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "来了以后，也许你会爱上这个美丽的城市，爱上这些热情友好的人们。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Lái le yǐhòu, yěxǔ nǐ huì ài shàng zhège měilì de chéngshì, ài shàng zhèxiē rèqíng yǒuhǎo de rénmen.",
|
||
"translation": "After coming here, perhaps you'll fall in love with this beautiful city and these warm, friendly people."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "别着急，再好好儿找找，也许能找到。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Bié zhāojí, zài hǎohāor zhǎozhao, yěxǔ néng zhǎodào.",
|
||
"translation": "Don't worry, look carefully again, maybe you can find it."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "到现在他还没来，也许就不来了，我们不要等他了。",
|
||
"pronunciation": "Dào xiànzài tā hái méi lái, yěxǔ jiù bù lái le, wǒmen bú yào děng tā le.",
|
||
"translation": "He still hasn't come until now, maybe he won't come at all, let's not wait for him anymore."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
"texts": [
|
||
{
|
||
"id": "four-seasons-main",
|
||
"title": "北京的四季 (Four Seasons in Beijing)",
|
||
"type": "main",
|
||
"content": "中国的大部分地区，一年都有春、夏、秋、冬四个季节。就拿首都北京来说吧，从三月到五月是春季，六月到八月是夏季，九月到十一月是秋季，十二月到第二年的二月是冬季。\n\n春天来了，树绿了，花儿开了，天气暖和了。人们脱下冬衣，换上春装。姑娘和小伙子们打扮得漂漂亮亮的，他们在湖上划船，在花儿前照相，公园里充满了年轻人的歌声和笑声。颐和园、北海、香山、长城和十三陵……到处都可以看到来自世界各地的游人。\n\n夏天来了，天气热了。人们常常去游泳。吃完晚饭，工作了一天的人们喜欢到外边散步、聊天儿。马路边、公园里都有散步的人。他们一边走一边聊，显得轻松而愉快。\n\n北京的冬天比较冷，但是暖气一开，屋子里很暖和。到了冬天，人们喜欢吃火锅儿。一家几口人或三五个朋友，高高兴兴地围坐在火锅儿旁边，边吃，边喝，边聊，这情景让人羡慕和向往。\n\n北京的冬天不常下雪，但是，要是下了雪，人们就会像过节一样高兴。冬天最美的风光就是雪景了。很多人会带上相机去外边照相。孩子们一点儿也不怕冷，在雪地上跑啊跳啊，堆雪人儿，打雪仗，小脸和小手冻得红红的，玩儿得可高兴了。北京人喜欢雪。"瑞雪兆丰年"，冬天要是下几场大雪，第二年一定会有好收成。\n\n北京一年中最好的季节要数秋天了。天气不冷也不热，不常下雨，也很少刮风。大街上到处是鲜花，到处是瓜果。每到周末，人们都喜欢到郊外去玩儿。那满山的红叶是秋天最美丽的景色。爬香山、看红叶，是北京人最喜欢的活动。\n\n国庆节放假期间，正是北京一年中风景最美的时候。每到国庆节，全国各地很多游人都会利用假期到北京来旅游。要是你能到天安门广场去看看，就会知道，这个古老的国家如今显得多么年轻，你就会感到，勤劳善良、热爱和平的中国人是多么热情。也许你会爱上这个美丽的城市，爱上这些热情友好的人们。\n\n亲爱的朋友，愿你们在北京、在中国生活得平安快乐。",
|
||
"wordCount": 520,
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "北京一年有几个季节？每个季节从几月到几月？",
|
||
"type": "open",
|
||
"answer": "北京一年有四个季节：春季（3-5月）、夏季（6-8月）、秋季（9-11月）、冬季（12月-次年2月）"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "北京的春天有什么特点？",
|
||
"type": "open",
|
||
"answer": "树绿了，花儿开了，天气暖和，人们换上春装，公园里充满歌声和笑声，到处都是游人"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "北京人冬天喜欢做什么？",
|
||
"type": "open",
|
||
"answer": "吃火锅儿、看雪景、堆雪人儿、打雪仗"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "北京一年中最好的季节是什么？为什么？",
|
||
"type": "open",
|
||
"answer": "秋天。因为天气不冷也不热，不常下雨，也很少刮风，到处是鲜花和瓜果，红叶很美丽"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": ""瑞雪兆丰年"是什么意思？",
|
||
"type": "open",
|
||
"answer": "冬天下雪预示着第二年会有好收成"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "北京的冬天总是下雪。",
|
||
"type": "true_false",
|
||
"answer": "错"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "秋天是北京最好的季节。",
|
||
"type": "true_false",
|
||
"answer": "对"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"exercises": [
|
||
{
|
||
"type": "phonetics",
|
||
"title": "辨音辨调 (Distinguish the pronunciations and tones)",
|
||
"description": "Practice distinguishing similar sounds with different tones",
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"word1": "部分 (bùfen) - part",
|
||
"word2": "不分 (bù fēn) - don't distinguish"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"word1": "旅游 (lǚyóu) - tourism",
|
||
"word2": "理由 (lǐyóu) - reason"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"word1": "善良 (shànliáng) - kind",
|
||
"word2": "商量 (shāngliang) - discuss"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"word1": "鲜花 (xiānhuā) - fresh flower",
|
||
"word2": "闲话 (xiánhuà) - gossip"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"word1": "和平 (hépíng) - peace",
|
||
"word2": "合并 (hébìng) - merge"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"word1": "广场 (guǎngchǎng) - square/plaza",
|
||
"word2": "工厂 (gōngchǎng) - factory"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"type": "fill_in_blanks",
|
||
"title": "选词填空 (Choose the right words to fill in the blanks)",
|
||
"description": "Use the word bank to complete the sentences",
|
||
"wordBank": ["热爱", "向往", "脱", "多么", "数", "也许", "围", "划船", "冻", "充满"],
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "进屋要____鞋，觉得特麻烦。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "脱"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "星期天我们去公园____吧。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "划船"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "她对自己的未来____信心。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "充满"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "那是个让世界各国的人都十分____的地方。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "向往"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "我的手已经____得没有感觉了。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "冻"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "要说个子高，张东还____不上，他只是中等个子。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "数"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "没有去过云南的人，就不会知道那是一个____美丽的地方。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "多么"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "我们的人民____和平，希望和世界各国人民友好相处。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "热爱"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "刚去时当然会感到寂寞，会想家。但是，如果你语言通了，再交一些好朋友，____你就不想回来了。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "也许"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"question": "中国的春节跟我们的圣诞节一样，也是一个全家____的节日。",
|
||
"correctAnswer": "围"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|