StillHammer
4ebc31dd5f
Complete course materials, notes, and learning tools for Jiaotong Daxue intensive Chinese program. 🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code) Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>
1012 lines
41 KiB
JSON
1012 lines
41 KiB
JSON
{
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"chapter": 1,
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"title": "离家的时候 (Lí jiā de shíhou) - At the moment of leaving home",
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"lesson": "第一课 (Dì-yī kè) - Lesson 1",
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"audio_references": ["01-1", "01-2", "01-3"],
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"text": {
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"full_text": "我很早就希望能有机会来中国学习汉语，现在这个愿望终于实现了，心里有说不出的高兴。\n\n从去年夏天起，我就忙着联系学校，办各种手续，可是，这一切都是瞒着我父母做的。我是独生女，如果把这件事告诉父母，他们多半不会同意，因此，我只跟朋友和教我汉语的老师商量，把一切手续都办好以后才告诉他们。他们听了，果然不太愿意。爸爸说："你现在的工作不是挺好吗？"妈妈说："你不打算结婚啦？"\n\n说实话，对于将来要做什么，我还没想好。可是现在，我就是想学汉语，想到中国——这个古老而又年轻的国家去看看。我对父母说："我已经长大了，就像小鸟一样，该自己飞了。我要独立地生活，自由自在地去国外过一年，然后再考虑今后的打算。"父母知道我的性格，决定了的事情是不会改变的，而且他们也觉得我的想法是对的，就只好同意了。\n\n妈妈要我到中国以后，每个星期都给她打一次电话。爸爸说："最好常常跟我们视频聊聊天儿，告诉我们你在中国的一切。"我答应了。临走前，他们给我买了好多东西，拼命地往我的箱子里塞。\n\n爸爸开车把我送到机场。离别时，他还还望着我不停地挥手，妈妈也在擦眼泪。看到父母恋恋不舍的样子，我的眼泪也一下子流了出来。\n\n到中国以后，父母总是嘱咐我要注意身体，注意安全，努力地学习，愉快地生活。\n\n为了表达我对他们的爱和想念，也为了让他们放心，我也常跟他们说我在中国遇到的有趣的人和事，有时还得他们哈哈大笑。",
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"translation": "I have long hoped to have the opportunity to come to China to study Chinese. Now this wish has finally come true, and I have unspeakable happiness in my heart.\n\nSince last summer, I have been busy contacting schools and handling various procedures. However, I did all this without telling my parents. I am an only daughter. If I told my parents about this, they would most likely not agree. Therefore, I only discussed it with my friends and the teacher who teaches me Chinese. I told them only after all the procedures were completed. When they heard about it, they were indeed not very willing. Dad said: 'Isn't your current job quite good?' Mom said: 'Don't you plan to get married?'\n\nTo tell the truth, I haven't thought clearly about what to do in the future. But now, I just want to learn Chinese and go to China - this ancient yet young country - to have a look. I said to my parents: 'I have grown up, just like a little bird, I should fly by myself. I want to live independently, freely go abroad for a year, and then consider future plans.' My parents knew my character - once I decide something, it won't change. Moreover, they also felt that my idea was correct, so they had no choice but to agree.\n\nMom asked me to call her once a week after arriving in China. Dad said: 'It's best to video chat with us often and tell us everything about you in China.' I agreed. Before leaving, they bought me many things and desperately stuffed them into my suitcase.\n\nDad drove me to the airport. When saying goodbye, he kept looking at me and waving his hand, and Mom was also wiping away tears. Seeing my parents' reluctance to part, my tears also suddenly flowed out.\n\nAfter arriving in China, my parents always urged me to pay attention to my health, pay attention to safety, study hard, and live happily.\n\nTo express my love and longing for them, and also to reassure them, I often tell them about the interesting people and things I encounter in China, sometimes making them laugh."
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},
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"questions": [
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{
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"number": 1,
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"question": ""我"现在在哪儿？"我"为什么"心里有说不出的高兴"？",
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"translation": "Where is 'I' now? Why does 'I' have 'unspeakable happiness in my heart'?"
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},
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{
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"number": 2,
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"question": ""我"为什么要来中国？",
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"translation": "Why does 'I' want to come to China?"
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},
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{
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"number": 3,
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"question": ""我"办留学手续为什么要瞒着父母？",
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"translation": "Why does 'I' hide the study abroad procedures from parents?"
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},
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{
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"number": 4,
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"question": "父母为什么不太愿意"我"到中国来？后来为什么又同意了？",
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"translation": "Why were the parents unwilling for 'me' to come to China? Why did they agree later?"
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},
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{
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"number": 5,
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"question": "父母对"我"提出了什么要求？",
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"translation": "What requirements did the parents make of 'me'?"
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},
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{
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"number": 6,
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"question": "请说一说你自己离家时的情况 (qíngkuàng, situation)。",
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"translation": "Please describe your own situation when leaving home."
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}
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],
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"vocabulary": [
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{
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"number": 1,
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"simplified": "愿望",
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"pinyin": "yuànwàng",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "desire; wish; aspiration"
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},
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{
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"number": 2,
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"simplified": "终于",
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"pinyin": "zhōngyú",
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"part_of_speech": "副",
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"translation": "finally; at last"
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},
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{
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"number": 3,
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"simplified": "实现",
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"pinyin": "shíxiàn",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to realize; to fulfil; to come true"
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},
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{
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"number": 4,
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"simplified": "联系",
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"pinyin": "liánxì",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to contact"
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},
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{
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"number": 5,
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"simplified": "瞒",
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"pinyin": "mán",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to hide the truth from"
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},
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{
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"number": 6,
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"simplified": "独生女",
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"pinyin": "dúshēngnǚ",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "only daughter"
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},
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{
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"number": 7,
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"simplified": "多半",
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"pinyin": "duōbàn",
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"part_of_speech": "副",
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"translation": "the greater part; more likely"
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},
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{
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"number": 8,
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"simplified": "因此",
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"pinyin": "yīncǐ",
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"part_of_speech": "连",
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"translation": "so; therefore; for this reason"
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},
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{
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"number": 9,
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"simplified": "果然",
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"pinyin": "guǒrán",
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"part_of_speech": "副",
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"translation": "as expected; sure enough; really"
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},
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{
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"number": 10,
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"simplified": "实话",
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"pinyin": "shíhuà",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "truth"
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},
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{
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"number": 11,
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"simplified": "对于",
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"pinyin": "duìyú",
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"part_of_speech": "介",
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"translation": "with regard to; concerning; to"
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},
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{
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"number": 12,
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"simplified": "古老",
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"pinyin": "gǔlǎo",
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"part_of_speech": "形",
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"translation": "ancient; age-old"
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},
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{
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"number": 13,
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"simplified": "而",
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"pinyin": "ér",
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"part_of_speech": "连",
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"translation": "(used to connect two elements opposite in meaning that show a contrast) but; (used to connect two parts that are consistent in meaning) and"
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},
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{
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"number": 14,
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"simplified": "鸟",
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"pinyin": "niǎo",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "bird"
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},
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{
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"number": 15,
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"simplified": "独立",
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"pinyin": "dúlì",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to be independent"
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},
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{
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"number": 16,
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"simplified": "自在",
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"pinyin": "zìzài",
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"part_of_speech": "形",
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"translation": "unrestrained; free"
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},
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{
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"number": 17,
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"simplified": "国外",
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"pinyin": "guówài",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "overseas; abroad"
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},
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{
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"number": 18,
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"simplified": "考虑",
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"pinyin": "kǎolǜ",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to consider"
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},
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{
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"number": 19,
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"simplified": "今后",
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"pinyin": "jīnhòu",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "in future; from now on"
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},
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{
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"number": 20,
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"simplified": "事情",
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"pinyin": "shìqing",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "thing"
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},
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{
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"number": 21,
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"simplified": "改变",
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"pinyin": "gǎibiàn",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to change"
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},
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{
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"number": 22,
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"simplified": "想法",
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"pinyin": "xiǎngfǎ",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "idea"
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},
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{
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"number": 23,
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"simplified": "视频",
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"pinyin": "shìpín",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "video"
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},
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{
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"number": 24,
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"simplified": "临",
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"pinyin": "lín",
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"part_of_speech": "介",
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"translation": "just before"
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},
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{
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"number": 25,
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"simplified": "拼命",
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"pinyin": "pīnmìng",
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"part_of_speech": "副",
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"translation": "with all one's might; desperately"
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},
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{
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"number": 26,
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"simplified": "塞",
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"pinyin": "sāi",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to fill in; to stuff"
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},
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{
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"number": 27,
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"simplified": "离别",
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"pinyin": "líbiě",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to leave; to depart"
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},
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{
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"number": 28,
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"simplified": "望",
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"pinyin": "wàng",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to look at; to look over"
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},
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{
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"number": 29,
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"simplified": "挥",
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"pinyin": "huī",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to wave"
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},
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{
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"number": 30,
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"simplified": "眼泪",
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"pinyin": "yǎnlèi",
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"part_of_speech": "名",
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"translation": "tear"
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},
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{
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"number": 31,
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"simplified": "恋恋不舍",
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"pinyin": "liànliàn-bùshě",
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"part_of_speech": "",
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"translation": "unwilling to part with"
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},
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{
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"number": 32,
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"simplified": "嘱咐",
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"pinyin": "zhǔfù",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to enjoin; to advise; to urge"
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},
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{
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"number": 33,
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"simplified": "表达",
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"pinyin": "biǎodá",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to express (one's ideas or feelings); to convey; to voice"
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},
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{
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"number": 34,
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"simplified": "想念",
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"pinyin": "xiǎngniàn",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to miss"
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},
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{
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"number": 35,
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"simplified": "放心",
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"pinyin": "fàng xīn",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to set one's mind at rest"
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},
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{
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"number": 36,
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"simplified": "逗",
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"pinyin": "dòu",
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"part_of_speech": "动",
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"translation": "to provoke (laughter, etc.); to amuse"
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},
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{
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"number": 37,
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"simplified": "哈哈大笑",
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"pinyin": "hāhā-dàxiào",
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"part_of_speech": "",
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"translation": "to laugh"
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}
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],
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"grammar_notes": [
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{
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"number": 1,
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"title": "说实话",
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"pinyin": "shuō shíhuà",
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"translation": "to tell the truth",
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"explanation": "用来引出下文，说明自己真实的想法和感情。也说"说心里话""说真的"。",
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"explanation_english": "'说实话', also '说心里话' or '说真的', is used to introduce the words that follow, usually one's true opinions, ideas or feelings, e.g.",
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"examples": [
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{
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"chinese": "说实话，今天老师讲的我有的地方没听懂。",
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"translation": "To tell the truth, I didn't understand some parts of what the teacher said today."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "说实话，我也是第一次来这个地方。",
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"translation": "To tell the truth, this is also my first time coming to this place."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "说实话，我一点儿也不想去。",
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"translation": "To tell the truth, I don't want to go at all."
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"number": 2,
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"title": "自由自在地去国外过一年",
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"pinyin": "zìyóu zìzài de qù guówài guò yī nián",
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"translation": "to live freely abroad for a year",
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"explanation": ""过一年"就是生活一年。",
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"explanation_english": "'过一年' means 'to live for a year'.",
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"examples": []
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},
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{
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"number": 3,
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"title": "我的眼泪也一下子流了出来",
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"pinyin": "wǒ de yǎnlèi yě yīxiàzi liú le chūlái",
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"translation": "Tears suddenly welled up in my eyes.",
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"explanation": ""一下子"用来作状语，表示动作很快，时间很短。强调在很短的时间内动作完成、情况出现或变化发生。",
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"explanation_english": "'一下子' is used as an adverbial. It indicates that an action, a circumstance, or a change takes place, emerges or finishes quickly, e.g.",
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"examples": [
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{
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"chinese": "几年不见，他一下子长这么高了。",
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"translation": "I haven't seen him for years, he has grown so tall all of a sudden."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "一过"五一"，天一下子就热起来了。",
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"translation": "After May 1st, it suddenly became hot."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "她没走好，一下子从楼梯上摔下来了。",
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"translation": "She didn't walk carefully and suddenly fell down from the stairs."
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"number": 4,
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"title": "终于",
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"pinyin": "zhōngyú",
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"part_of_speech": "副",
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"translation": "finally; at last",
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"explanation": "表示经过较长时间的努力或等待，最后出现了某种结果。这种结果多为希望得到的。",
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"explanation_english": "'终于' is used to indicate a result, usually an expected one, finally appears after a long time of efforts or expectation, e.g.",
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"examples": [
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{
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"chinese": "我很早就希望能有机会来中国学习汉语，现在这个愿望终于实现了，心里有说不出的高兴。",
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"translation": "I have long hoped to have the opportunity to come to China to study Chinese. Now this wish has finally come true, and I have unspeakable happiness in my heart."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "经过努力，他终于考上了大学。",
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"translation": "Through hard work, he finally got into university."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "我很早就想看看长城，今天我终于看到了。",
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"translation": "I have wanted to see the Great Wall for a long time, and today I finally saw it."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "她当翻译的愿望终于实现了。",
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"translation": "Her wish to become an interpreter has finally come true."
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}
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]
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},
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{
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"number": 5,
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"title": "一切",
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"pinyin": "yīqiè",
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"part_of_speech": "代",
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"translation": "all; everything",
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"explanation": "表示全部、各种。可以作主语、宾语、定语，经常跟"都"搭配使用。作定语修饰名词时不能带"的"。",
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"explanation_english": "'一切' means 'all' or 'every'. It can be used as a subject, an object or an attributive, often in concert with '都'. It cannot be followed by '的' when used as a noun modifier. For example:",
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"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "从去年夏天起，我就忙着联系学校，办各种手续，可是，这一切都是瞒着我父母做的。",
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"translation": "Since last summer, I have been busy contacting schools and handling various procedures. However, I did all this without telling my parents."
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},
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{
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"chinese": "刚来时是有很多地方不习惯，但是现在一切都习惯了。",
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||
"translation": "When I first came, there were many things I wasn't used to, but now I'm used to everything."
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},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "这里的一切对我来说，都是那么有趣。",
|
||
"translation": "Everything here is so interesting to me."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "我一切手续都办好了，就等机票了。",
|
||
"translation": "I have completed all the procedures, just waiting for the ticket."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 6,
|
||
"title": "如果",
|
||
"pinyin": "rúguǒ",
|
||
"part_of_speech": "连",
|
||
"translation": "if",
|
||
"explanation": "表示假设。多用于前一个分句开头。",
|
||
"explanation_english": "'如果' expresses a hypothesis. It is mostly used at the beginning of the first clause of a sentence, e.g.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "我是独生女，如果把这件事告诉父母，他们多半不会同意。",
|
||
"translation": "I am an only daughter. If I told my parents about this, they would most likely not agree."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "如果有问题，可以来找我。",
|
||
"translation": "If there are any problems, you can come find me."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "如果你想学太极拳，就去报名吧。",
|
||
"translation": "If you want to learn Tai Chi, go sign up."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "如果有时间，我一定去中国旅行。",
|
||
"translation": "If I have time, I will definitely go to China to travel."
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"note": "注意：用"如果"的句子都能换用"对"；但用"对"的句子，有些不能换用"如果"。"对"直接引入的对象可以是人，而"对于"不能直接引入人。",
|
||
"note_english": "Note: '对于' can be replaced by '对' in any sentence; but in some sentences '对' cannot be replaced by '对于'. The direct object of '对' can be a person, but that of '对于' cannot be. For example:",
|
||
"note_examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "大家对于这个问题的看法不一样。",
|
||
"alternative": "可以说：大家对这个问题的看法不一样。",
|
||
"translation": "Everyone has different opinions on this issue."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "朋友们对我很热情。",
|
||
"incorrect": "不能说：* 朋友们对于我很热情。",
|
||
"translation": "My friends are very warm to me."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 7,
|
||
"title": "而",
|
||
"pinyin": "ér",
|
||
"part_of_speech": "连",
|
||
"translation": "and; but",
|
||
"explanation": ""而"常见的意义和用法有两种：",
|
||
"explanation_english": "The meanings and usages of '而' are as follows:",
|
||
"usages": [
|
||
{
|
||
"type": "1. 书面语。连接两个并列的形容词或形容词词组，表示互相补充。",
|
||
"type_english": "1. '而' is used in written Chinese to link two parallel adjectives or adjectival phrases that complement each other, e.g.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "可是现在，我就是想学汉语，想到中国——这个古老而又年轻的国家去看看。",
|
||
"translation": "But now, I just want to learn Chinese and go to China - this ancient yet young country - to have a look."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "她是一个聪明而美丽的姑娘。",
|
||
"translation": "She is a smart and beautiful girl."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"type": "2. 连接形容词、动词、小句，表示转折。用法与"但是""却"相同。",
|
||
"type_english": "2. It is also used to link adjectives, verbs and clauses to indicate a turn in meaning. In this case, it is similar to '但是' and '却', e.g.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "这种水果好看而不好吃。",
|
||
"translation": "This fruit looks good but doesn't taste good."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "我还挺这家饭店，花钱少而吃得好。",
|
||
"translation": "I quite like this restaurant, it costs less money but the food is good."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "哈尔滨还很冷，而中国南方已经春暖花开了。",
|
||
"translation": "Harbin is still very cold, while southern China already has warm spring weather and blooming flowers."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 8,
|
||
"title": "只好",
|
||
"pinyin": "zhǐhǎo",
|
||
"part_of_speech": "副",
|
||
"translation": "to have to; cannot but",
|
||
"explanation": "表示（在某种情况下）没有别的选择，只能这样。",
|
||
"explanation_english": "'只好' indicates that (under some circumstances) one has no other choice but to do so, e.g.",
|
||
"examples": [
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "父母觉得我的想法是对的，就只好同意了。",
|
||
"translation": "My parents felt that my idea was correct, so they had no choice but to agree."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "半路上忽然下起了雨，我没带雨伞，只好淋着雨往回跑。",
|
||
"translation": "It suddenly started raining on the way, I didn't bring an umbrella, so I had to run back in the rain."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "昨天晚上我回来时已经没有公共汽车了，只好坐出租车。",
|
||
"translation": "When I came back last night, there were no more buses, so I had to take a taxi."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"chinese": "我的手机摔坏了，只好再买一个。",
|
||
"translation": "My phone broke when I dropped it, so I had to buy another one."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
|
||
"exercises": {
|
||
"phonetics": {
|
||
"title": "语音 Phonetics",
|
||
"audio_reference": "01-3",
|
||
"exercise_1": {
|
||
"title": "辨音辨调 Distinguish the pronunciations and tones",
|
||
"pairs": [
|
||
{"word1": "终于", "pinyin1": "zhōngyú", "word2": "充裕", "pinyin2": "chōngyù"},
|
||
{"word1": "心里", "pinyin1": "xīnli", "word2": "心理", "pinyin2": "xīnlǐ"},
|
||
{"word1": "联系", "pinyin1": "liánxì", "word2": "练习", "pinyin2": "liànxí"},
|
||
{"word1": "如果", "pinyin1": "rúguǒ", "word2": "路过", "pinyin2": "lùguò"},
|
||
{"word1": "因此", "pinyin1": "yīncǐ", "word2": "影视", "pinyin2": "yǐngshì"},
|
||
{"word1": "想念", "pinyin1": "xiǎngniàn", "word2": "项链", "pinyin2": "xiàngliàn"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"exercise_2": {
|
||
"title": "朗读 Read out the following poem",
|
||
"poem": {
|
||
"title": "游子吟 (Yóuzǐ Yín)",
|
||
"author": "[唐] 孟郊 ([Táng] Mèng Jiāo)",
|
||
"lines": [
|
||
{"chinese": "慈母手中线，", "pinyin": "Cí mǔ shǒu zhōng xiàn,"},
|
||
{"chinese": "游子身上衣。", "pinyin": "Yóuzǐ shēn shàng yī."},
|
||
{"chinese": "临行密密缝，", "pinyin": "Lín xíng mì mì féng,"},
|
||
{"chinese": "意恐迟迟归。", "pinyin": "Yì kǒng chí chí guī."},
|
||
{"chinese": "谁言寸草心，", "pinyin": "Shéi yán cùn cǎo xīn,"},
|
||
{"chinese": "报得三春晖。", "pinyin": "Bào dé sān chūn huī."}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"phrases": {
|
||
"title": "词语 Read out the following phrases",
|
||
"groups": [
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "实现理想", "pinyin": "shíxiàn lǐxiǎng", "translation": "realize a dream"},
|
||
{"chinese": "实现愿望", "pinyin": "shíxiàn yuànwàng", "translation": "fulfill a wish"},
|
||
{"chinese": "实现不了", "pinyin": "shíxiàn bùliǎo", "translation": "cannot be realized"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "改变主意", "pinyin": "gǎibiàn zhǔyì", "translation": "change one's mind"},
|
||
{"chinese": "改变计划", "pinyin": "gǎibiàn jìhuà", "translation": "change a plan"},
|
||
{"chinese": "改变想法", "pinyin": "gǎibiàn xiǎngfǎ", "translation": "change an idea"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "有联系", "pinyin": "yǒu liánxì", "translation": "have contact"},
|
||
{"chinese": "没有联系", "pinyin": "méiyǒu liánxì", "translation": "have no contact"},
|
||
{"chinese": "联系学校", "pinyin": "liánxì xuéxiào", "translation": "contact a school"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "办手续", "pinyin": "bàn shǒuxù", "translation": "handle formalities"},
|
||
{"chinese": "办事", "pinyin": "bàn shì", "translation": "handle affairs"},
|
||
{"chinese": "办签证", "pinyin": "bàn qiānzhèng", "translation": "process a visa"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "临出发", "pinyin": "lín chūfā", "translation": "just before departure"},
|
||
{"chinese": "临上车前", "pinyin": "lín shàng chē qián", "translation": "just before getting on the vehicle"},
|
||
{"chinese": "临上飞机", "pinyin": "lín shàng fēijī", "translation": "just before boarding the plane"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "拼命跑", "pinyin": "pīnmìng pǎo", "translation": "run desperately"},
|
||
{"chinese": "拼命学习", "pinyin": "pīnmìng xuéxí", "translation": "study desperately"},
|
||
{"chinese": "拼命工作", "pinyin": "pīnmìng gōngzuò", "translation": "work desperately"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "跟父母商量", "pinyin": "gēn fùmǔ shāngliang", "translation": "discuss with parents"},
|
||
{"chinese": "跟学校商量", "pinyin": "gēn xuéxiào shāngliang", "translation": "discuss with the school"},
|
||
{"chinese": "跟朋友商量", "pinyin": "gēn péngyou shāngliang", "translation": "discuss with friends"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"phrases": [
|
||
{"chinese": "请放心", "pinyin": "qǐng fàngxīn", "translation": "please rest assured"},
|
||
{"chinese": "不放心", "pinyin": "bù fàngxīn", "translation": "not at ease"},
|
||
{"chinese": "放不下心", "pinyin": "fàng bù xià xīn", "translation": "cannot set one's mind at rest"}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"fill_in_blanks": {
|
||
"title": "选词填空 Choose the right words to fill in the blanks",
|
||
"word_bank": ["恋恋不舍", "如果", "只好", "果然", "将来", "终于", "想念", "联系", "改变", "嘱咐"],
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"chinese": "我早就想能有机会到长城去看看，今天这个愿望____实现了。",
|
||
"answer": "终于"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"chinese": "大学毕业以后，我和她没有____过。",
|
||
"answer": "联系"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"chinese": "____她知道了这件事，一定会不高兴。",
|
||
"answer": "如果"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 4,
|
||
"chinese": "天气预报说今天有雨，你看，____下起来了。",
|
||
"answer": "果然"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 5,
|
||
"chinese": "离开家以后，才知道我是多么____父母。",
|
||
"answer": "想念"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 6,
|
||
"chinese": "妈妈总是____我要注意安全。",
|
||
"answer": "嘱咐"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 7,
|
||
"chinese": "我知道，如果把这件事告诉父母的话，他们多半不会同意，所以____瞒着他们。",
|
||
"answer": "只好"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 8,
|
||
"chinese": "刚到中国的时候，有好多地方不习惯，但是现在要离开了，还真有点儿____。",
|
||
"answer": "恋恋不舍"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 9,
|
||
"chinese": "A: 你____打算做什么？\nB: 我觉得我的性格当老师比较好。",
|
||
"answer": "将来"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 10,
|
||
"chinese": "世界上的一切事情都在变化中，你不觉得人的性格也会____吗？",
|
||
"answer": "改变"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"word_placement": {
|
||
"title": "给括号里的词语选择正确的位置 Put the words in the brackets in the proper places",
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"chinese": "这 A 就是 B 我要 C 告诉你的 D。",
|
||
"word": "一切",
|
||
"answer": "B"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"chinese": "A 刚到 B 中国的时候，感到 C 都是 D 那么新鲜 (xīnxiān, fresh; new)。",
|
||
"word": "一切",
|
||
"answer": "C"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"chinese": "A 那位老人 B 没走好，C 摔倒了 D。",
|
||
"word": "一下子",
|
||
"answer": "C"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 4,
|
||
"chinese": "我想 A 用 B 你的 C 词典 D，可以吗？",
|
||
"word": "一下儿",
|
||
"answer": "B"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 5,
|
||
"chinese": "A 他到 B 现在 C 还没来，D 不来了。",
|
||
"word": "多半",
|
||
"answer": "D"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 6,
|
||
"chinese": "他 A 想多 B 睡 C 一会儿，D 不是病了。",
|
||
"word": "就是",
|
||
"answer": "A"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 7,
|
||
"chinese": "这一个星期 A 我就收 B 到 C 五件礼物 D。",
|
||
"word": "了",
|
||
"answer": "C"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 8,
|
||
"chinese": "我打算 A 放 B 假 C 就去南方旅行 D。",
|
||
"word": "了",
|
||
"answer": "C"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"complete_sentences": {
|
||
"title": "用括号里的词语完成句子 Complete the sentences with the words in the brackets",
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"chinese": "刚来的时候我很不习惯，老师说，过一两个月就好了。现在，一个多月过去了，______________________。（果然）",
|
||
"pattern": "果然"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"chinese": "大夫跟我说，坚持打一年太极拳，你的病就会好的。你看，我才打了半年，______________________。（果然）",
|
||
"pattern": "果然"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"chinese": "那天，我迷路（mí lù, to lose one's way）了，______________________。（只好）",
|
||
"pattern": "只好"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 4,
|
||
"chinese": "你看她的样子，______________________。（多半）",
|
||
"pattern": "多半"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 5,
|
||
"chinese": "妈丽病了，同学们都来看她，______________________。（嘱咐）",
|
||
"pattern": "嘱咐"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 6,
|
||
"chinese": "经过努力，______________________。（终于）",
|
||
"pattern": "终于"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 7,
|
||
"chinese": "______________________大家还有不同意见。（对于）",
|
||
"pattern": "对于"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 8,
|
||
"chinese": "我哪儿都不想去，______________________。（就是）",
|
||
"pattern": "就是"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"rearrange_sentences": {
|
||
"title": "连句成段 Rearrange the sentences into paragraphs",
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"sentences": [
|
||
{"label": "A", "text": "尤其是冬天的星空，常常使我看得入迷"},
|
||
{"label": "B", "text": "我的家乡是一个美丽的小城"},
|
||
{"label": "C", "text": "每到晴天的夜晚，就可以看到明亮的星星"},
|
||
{"label": "D", "text": "小时候，我常爱看那美丽的星空"}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"sentences": [
|
||
{"label": "A", "text": "到中国以后我还是这样"},
|
||
{"label": "B", "text": "后来离开了家乡，我仍然经常想起家乡那美丽的星空"},
|
||
{"label": "C", "text": "常常一到晚上就不由得会抬起头来往天上看"},
|
||
{"label": "D", "text": "天空有没有明亮的星星"}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"correct_sentences": {
|
||
"title": "改错句 Correct the sentences",
|
||
"questions": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"chinese": "这件事你对她不该瞒。",
|
||
"correction": "这件事你不该瞒着她。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"chinese": "我终于快到中国了。",
|
||
"correction": "我快要到中国了。/ 我终于到中国了。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"chinese": "你可以把我作你的朋友。",
|
||
"correction": "你可以把我当作你的朋友。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 4,
|
||
"chinese": "看到这种情况，我的眼里流了眼泪。",
|
||
"correction": "看到这种情况，我流下了眼泪。/ 我的眼泪流了出来。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 5,
|
||
"chinese": "因为买票太多人，我们没有买卧铺（wòpù, sleeping berth），只好买了硬座（yìngzuò, hard seat）。",
|
||
"correction": "因为买票的人太多，我们没有买到卧铺，只好买了硬座。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 6,
|
||
"chinese": "我放行李在飞机场的大厅里。",
|
||
"correction": "我把行李放在飞机场的大厅里。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 7,
|
||
"chinese": "她结婚了一个有钱人。",
|
||
"correction": "她嫁给了一个有钱人。/ 她和一个有钱人结婚了。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 8,
|
||
"chinese": "我从小就是喝妈妈的牛奶长大的。",
|
||
"correction": "我从小就是喝妈妈的奶长大的。"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"language_and_context": {
|
||
"title": "情景表达 Language and context",
|
||
"section_1": {
|
||
"question": "下列句子什么情景下说？ In which situations do we use the following sentences?",
|
||
"sentences": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"chinese": "现在我的愿望终于实现了，心里有说不出的高兴。",
|
||
"context": "When expressing that a long-held wish has finally come true"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"chinese": "如果把这件事告诉她，她多半不会同意。",
|
||
"context": "When discussing a hypothetical situation and predicting someone's likely reaction"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"chinese": "看她那恋恋不舍的样子，我的眼泪也一下子流了出来。",
|
||
"context": "When describing an emotional parting scene"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
},
|
||
"section_2": {
|
||
"question": "下列情景怎么说？ How do we describe or what do we say in the following situations?",
|
||
"situations": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"chinese": "朋友请你帮帮她，你没有时间，但看到朋友着急的样子，你还是答应了。",
|
||
"answer": "只好",
|
||
"example": "我本来没有时间，但看到你这么着急，我只好答应帮你了。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"chinese": "和男/女朋友离别时，你不想离开，眼泪都流了出来。",
|
||
"answer": "恋恋不舍",
|
||
"example": "看到你恋恋不舍的样子，我的眼泪也流了出来。"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"chinese": "刚来中国，你觉得不习惯，特别想家。",
|
||
"answer": "想念",
|
||
"example": "刚来中国，我觉得很不习惯，特别想念家人。"
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"supplementary_words_exercise": {
|
||
"title": "综合填空 Fill in the blanks",
|
||
"subtitle": "补充生词 Supplementary words",
|
||
"supplementary_words": [
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 1,
|
||
"simplified": "戒指",
|
||
"pinyin": "jièzhǐ",
|
||
"translation": "(finger) ring"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 2,
|
||
"simplified": "刻",
|
||
"pinyin": "kè",
|
||
"translation": "to carve; to engrave"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 3,
|
||
"simplified": "分别",
|
||
"pinyin": "fēnbié",
|
||
"translation": "to say goodbye"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 4,
|
||
"simplified": "异国他乡",
|
||
"pinyin": "yìguó tāxiāng",
|
||
"translation": "country other than one's motherland"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 5,
|
||
"simplified": "鼓励",
|
||
"pinyin": "gǔlì",
|
||
"translation": "to encourage"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 6,
|
||
"simplified": "孤独",
|
||
"pinyin": "gūdú",
|
||
"translation": "lonely; alone"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 7,
|
||
"simplified": "后悔",
|
||
"pinyin": "hòuhuǐ",
|
||
"translation": "to regret"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"number": 8,
|
||
"simplified": "落",
|
||
"pinyin": "là",
|
||
"translation": "to fall behind"
|
||
}
|
||
],
|
||
"text": "半年前，我临来中国时，朋友们一起①_____我过了一次生日。当时，最让我难忘的是，大家送给我一个戒指，上面刻②_____一句话："我们都爱你。" 看到这句话，我的眼泪一下子就流了③_____。想到就要和朋友们分别了，我真有点儿恋恋不舍。但是，来中国留学的手续已经办好了，我只好与朋友分别，坐④_____了飞往中国的飞机。\n\n一个人来到异国他乡，⑤_____都是陌生的，一切都感到不习惯。但是到中国不久，我就认识了不少新朋友。可以说，我能一直坚持学习到现在，除了国内的朋友支持我、帮助我、鼓励我以外，更重要的是因为有了这些新朋友。⑥_____没有他们，我在中国的生活会是非常孤独和寂寞的。\n\n刚到中国一个月，我⑦_____生病住进了医院。在医院里，我感到非常寂寞，十分后悔到中国来。正在我感到非常孤独和寂寞时，我遇到了一位热心的中国大学生。⑧_____与我同住一个病房，每天都邀请我一起下楼去吃饭、散步。我觉得心情一下子好多了。晚上，有时医院里还组织联欢会，每次大家都邀请我唱一支我们国家的歌。虽然我唱得不太好，但是大家听了都给我鼓掌，让我很感动。在病房里，这位朋友还教我学汉语，成了我的辅导老师。⑨_____她的帮助下，我的功课并没有因为住院而落下。\n\n出院后，朋友还邀请我到她家去玩儿，她的父母像对自己的女儿一样对待我，使我感到就像回到了自己家一样。认识了朋友这一家人，⑩_____我对中国、对中国人有了更多的了解。"
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"communication": {
|
||
"title": "交际会话 Communication",
|
||
"subtitle": "请教(1) Consultation (1)",
|
||
"dialogue": {
|
||
"context": "A conversation about studying Chinese in China",
|
||
"exchanges": [
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "A",
|
||
"chinese": "老师，我想去中国学汉语。",
|
||
"translation": "Teacher, I want to go to China to study Chinese."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "B",
|
||
"chinese": "好啊！手续办好了吗？",
|
||
"translation": "Great! Have the procedures been completed?"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "A",
|
||
"chinese": "还没有呢。我想请教老师，几月去比较好？",
|
||
"translation": "Not yet. I would like to ask you, teacher, which month is better to go?"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "B",
|
||
"chinese": "你准备学多长时间？",
|
||
"translation": "How long are you planning to study?"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "A",
|
||
"chinese": "一年。",
|
||
"translation": "One year."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "B",
|
||
"chinese": "如果只学一年的话，还是从九月开始比较好。因为中国学校的新学年是从九月开始的。",
|
||
"translation": "If you're only studying for one year, it's better to start from September. Because the new school year in Chinese schools starts in September."
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "A",
|
||
"chinese": "我去以后读二年级可以吗？",
|
||
"translation": "Can I study in the second year after I go?"
|
||
},
|
||
{
|
||
"speaker": "B",
|
||
"chinese": "根据你的情况，我想，最好从一年级开始，先把语音和语法基础打好了，对你今后的学习会更好。",
|
||
"translation": "According to your situation, I think it's best to start from the first year. First build a solid foundation in pronunciation and grammar, which will be better for your future studies."
|
||
}
|
||
]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|
||
},
|
||
|
||
"metadata": {
|
||
"source": "汉语教程 (Hanyu Jiaocheng) / Chinese Course (3rd Edition) Book 3A",
|
||
"textbook": "汉语教程（第3版）第三册 上",
|
||
"publisher": "Beijing Language and Culture University Press",
|
||
"total_pages": 17,
|
||
"audio_files": ["01-1", "01-2", "01-3"]
|
||
}
|
||
}
|